2501 Flashcards
FINAL EXAM PREP
IN ORDER TO EFFECT A SMOOTH BLEND ON A CONTACT LENS WHICH HAS A 10.50mm PPC,AND A 7.50mm CPC, ONE WOULD USE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TOOLS(WITH .4MM SOFT PAD)?
- 10mm
- 40mm
- 00mm
- 60mm
8.60mm
IF THE MIRES OF A RADIUSCOPE ARE NOT IN FOCUS IN ALL MERIDIANS IT INDICATES:
POOR BLENDS
POOR EDGE
EXCESSIVE THICKNESS
WARPAGE
WARPAGE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MODIFICATIONS CANNOT BE PERFORMED ON A RIGID CONTACT LENS?
STEEPEN PERIPHERAL CURVES
FLATTEN SECONDARY CURVE
REDUCE OPTICAL ZONE DIAMETER
BLEND TRANSITION ZONE
STEEPEN PERIPHERAL CURVES
NAME AN ADJUSTMENT THAT USUALLY REQUIRES A NEW LENS.
REMAKING THE PERIPHERAL CURVE
REDUCING THE OPTICAL ZONE
CHANGING THE BASE CURVE
REDUCING THE DIAMETER
CHANGING THE BASE CURVE
THE ANSI TOLERANCE FOR CONTACT LENS THICKNESS IS:
.05mm
.2mm
.5mm
.02mm
.02mm
ALL CONTACT LENS MODIFICATIONS TEND TO _____ THE LENS FIT.
HAVE NO EFFECT ON
DESTROY
LOOSEN
TIGHTEN
LOOSEN
A MARCO RADIUSCOPE MEASURES THE BASE CURVE OF A LENS IN INCREMENTS OF:
- 20mm
- 01mm
- 002mm
O.12 DIOPTERS
0.01mm
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING POLISHING COMPOUNDS SHOULD NOT BE USED WITH GAS PERMEABLE LENSES?
SILVO
X PAL
SIL O2 CARE
ALOX PG
SILVO
THE DIAMETER OF A RIGID CONTACT LENS CAN BE REDUCED BY ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
FILE TECHNIQUE
PITCH TECHNIQUE
RAZOR BLADE TECHNIQUE
CONICAL STONE
PITCH TECHNIQUE
THE DIOPTRIC POWER OF A LENS IS MEASURED BY A________.
SPHEROMETER
OPHTHALMOMETER
LENSMETER
RADIUSCOPE
LENSMETER
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DISINFECTING SOLUTIONS WOULD YOU RECOMEND TO A PATIENT WITH A HISTORY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS?
CHLORHEXDINE
THIMEROSAL
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
INGREDIENTS ADDED TO CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS TO PROTECT THEM FROM SPOILAGE AFTER BEING OPENED ARE CALLED:
DISINFECTANTS
CHELATING AGENTS
PRESERVATIVES
BUFFERING AGENTS
PRESERVATIVES
UPON DELIVERY THE WEARER SHOULD BE TOLD:
THAT RIGID LENSES SHOULD BE POLISHED EVERY THREE MONTHS.
THAT FOLLOW-UP VISITS WILL NOT BE NECESSARY
TO REMOVE A LENS WHICH BECOMES UNCOMFORTABLE
THAT LENSES WILL LAST INDEFINITELY
TO REMOVE A LENS WHICH BECOMES UNCOMFORTABLE
WHICH TYPE OF SALINE CAUSES THE LEAST PROBLEMS?
UNIT DOSE NON-PRESERVED*
SALT TABLETS
SORBIC ACID PRESERVED
THIMEROSAL PRESERVED
UNIT DOSE NON-PRESERVED*
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CARE SYSTEMS WOULD RESULT IN THE SHORTEST LIFE FOR A SOFT LENS?
COLD CHEMICAL
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
HEAT
HEAT
STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT AS HIGH AS ____% OF COMPLIANT CONTACT LENS PATIENTS HAVE CONTACT LENS CASES THAT CULTURE POSITIVE.
42
52
15
75
42%
ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE FUNCTIONS OF A SOAKING SOLUTION EXCEPT:
IT DISSOLVES EXCESS SILICONE MOLECULES
IT MAINTAINS A STATE OF HYDRATED EQULIBRIUM
IT AIDS IN CLEANING THE LENS OF OCULAR SECREATIONS
IT PREVENTS EYE INFECTIONS BY A CONTAMINATED LENS
IT DISSOLVES EXCESS SILICONE MOLECULES
WHY SHOULDN’T DIFFERENT BRANDS OF SOFT CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS BE MIXED?
FEDERAL LAW PROHIBITS IT.
A CHEMICAL REACTION MAY OCCUR CAUSING CORNEAL PROBLEMS.
MANUFACTURES WILL NOT ALLOW IT.
LENSES MAY TEAR OR DETERIORATE FASTER
A CHEMICAL REACTION MAY OCCUR CAUSING CORNEAL PROBLEMS.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS MOST EFFECTIVE IN REMOVING PROTEIN BUILDUP ON SOFT CONTACT LENSES?
ENZYMATIC CLEANER
HYPERTONIC SALINE
SODIUM BICARBONATE
TAP WATER
ENZYMATIC CLEANER
A BUFFERING AGENT IS ADDED TO A SOLUTION TO HELP CONTROL:
TONICITY
BACTERIA
Ph LEVEL
WETTABILITY
Ph LEVEL
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF A SURFACTANT CLEANER?
REMOVE SURFACE SCRATCHES
REMOVE LOOSELY ADHERENT DEBRIS
FROM THE LENS SURFACE.
REMOVE PROTEIN DEPOSITS
KILL MICROORGANISMS
REMOVE LOOSELY ADHERENT DEBRIS
WHEN LENSES ARE DELIVERED TO THE PATIENT, THE WEARING SCHEDULE SHOULD BE:
DETERMINED BY THE PATIENT’S LEVEL
OF COMFORT
DETERMINED BY THE REFRACTION
VERBAL AND WRITTEN
UNSPECIFIED
VERBAL AND WRITTEN
THE AVERAGE ph VALUE OF HUMAN TEARS IS:
- 6
- 0
- 8
- 4
7.4
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PRESERVATIVES IS A MERCURY BASED COMPOUND?
DYMED
THIMEROSAL
POLYQUAD
SORBIC ACID
THIMEROSAL
ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE FUNCTIONS OF A WETTING SOLUTION EXCEPT:
IT CLEANS THE LENS AFTER REMOVAL
IT PROVIDES A VISCOUS PROTECTIVE COATING OVER THE LENS SURFACE SO THE FINGER DOES NOT COME IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH THE FINGER DURING INSERTION.
IT PROVIDES LUBRICATION BETWEEN THE LID AND LENS SURFACE.
IT CONVERTS THE HYDROPHOBIC LENS SURFACE TO A HYDROPHILLIC ONE.
IT CLEANS THE LENS AFTER REMOVAL
A PATIENT COMPLAINS THAT THE CONTACT LENS IN HIS RIGHT EYE IS IRRITATING. UPON SLIT LAMP EXAMINATION YOU DISCOVER AN EMBEDDED FOREIGN BODY. YOU SHOULD:
RECOMMEND LUBRICATION DROPS
SEND THE PATIENT TO A DOCTOR
USE TWEZZERS TO REMOVE THE FOREIGN BODY
ADVISE THE PATIENT TO LEAVE THE LENS OUT A FEW DAYS AND RETURN FOR A CHECK UP.
SEND THE PATIENT TO A DOCTOR
IF FOGGING OCCURES IMMEDIATELY UPON INSERTION OF A CONTACT LENS:
THE LENSES WERE NOT CLEANED PROPERLY
THE OPTICAL ZONE IS TOO SMALL
THE BASE CURVE IS TOO STEEP
THE BASE CURVE IS TOO FLAT
THE LENSES WERE NOT CLEANED PROPERLY
LID EVERSION IS NECESSARY TO OBSERVE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS?
KERATITIS SICCA
BLEPHARITIS
BULLOUS KERATOPATHY
GIANT PAPILLARY CONJUNTIVITIS
GIANT PAPILLARY CONJUNTIVITIS
FOLLOW UP KERATOMETER READINGS ON AN ADAPTED RIGID LENS WEARER SHOULD BE WITHIN ______ FROM THE ORIGINAL READINGS.
.30mm
- 00D
- 50D
.50D
.50D
THE SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOM OF EDGE FLARE OR REFLECTION WITH A CONTACT LENS IS AGGRAVATED BY :
TEARING
DRY EYES
A LARGE P.O.Z.
A CLEAR LENS
TEARING
EPITHELIAL EDEMA WHICH MANIFESTS ITSELF CLINICALLY AS A GREY CORNEAL HAZE, IS VERIFIED BY THE SLIT LAMP USING SCLEROTIC SCATTER ILLUMINATION. WHAT SPECIFIC TECHNIQUE DOES THE EXAMINER USE TO SEE THIS CONDITION?
HIGH MAGNIFICATION AND AN ANGLE BETWEEN THE BEAM AND SCOPE OF 180 DEGREES.
THE GREEN FILTER OF THE SLIT LAMP WITH HIGH MAGNIFICATION.
THE BLUE COBALT FILTER OF THE SLIT LAMP AND AN ANGLE OF ABOUT 45 DEGREES.
THE NAKED EYE AND AN ANGLE BETWEEN THE SLIT LAMP BEAM AND THE EYE OF 45 to 90 DEGREES
THE NAKED EYE AND AN ANGLE BETWEEN THE SLIT LAMP BEAM AND THE EYE OF 45 to 90 DEGREES
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INSTRUMENTS IS BEST USED TO CHECK FOR LENS WARPAGE?
MEASURING MAGNIFIER
RADIUSCOPE
PROJECTION MAGNIFIER
PROFILE ANALYZER
RADIUSCOPE
POOR VISION AFTER CONTACT LENSES HAVE BEEN REMOVED AND REPLACED WITH SPECTACLES IS CALLED:
BLURRING
FOGGING
CONTACT LENS BLUR
SPECTACLE BLUR
SPECTACLE BLUR
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NEED NOT BE RECORDED ON EACH FOLLOW UP VISIT ?
SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE FINDINGS
ORIGINAL Rx AND LENS SPECIFICATIONS
LENS CHANGES AND MODIFICATIONS
KERATOMETRY
ORIGINAL Rx AND LENS SPECIFICATIONS
A STINGING AND BURNING SENSATION WHICH OCCURES EACH DAY AFTER SEVERAL HOURS OF WEAR MAY BE CAUSED BY A CONTACT LENS WHICH HAS:
STAGNATION OF TEAR FLUID BEHIND THE LENS
A FLAT BASE CURVE
BEEN IMPROPERLY CLEANED
NONE OF THE ABOVE
STAGNATION OF TEAR FLUID BEHIND THE LENS
ABRASIONS OVER THE APEX OF THE CORNEA CAN BE CAUSED BY:
LENS CONSTANTLY RUBBING THE APEX
LENS FITTING FLATTER THAN K
CORNEAL EDEMA
ALL OF THE ABOVE
ALL OF THE ABOVE
BUBBLES TRAPPED UNDER A RIGID LENS MAY RESULT IN __________.
3:00 - 9:00 STAINING
STIPPLING STAINS
DIMPLE VEILING
PUNCTATE STAINS
DIMPLE VEILING
PERIPHERAL LIMBAL STAINING AT 3:00 AND 9:00 IS A RESULT OF :
VIRAL INFECTION
MECHANICAL EROSION BY THE LENS
EXPOSURE CAUSING LIMBAL DRYNESS
INCORRECT INSERTION
EXPOSURE CAUSING LIMBAL DRYNESS
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD A FITTER DO WHEN A SIGNIFICANT FOREIGN BODY STAIN ON THE CORNEA IS OBSERVED DURING A RIGID CONTACT LENS FOLLOW UP VISIT ?
REFIT WITH A SOFT LENS
REFIT WITH A THERAPEUTIC LENS
REFIT WITH A FLATTER RIGID LENS
CONSULT THE PRESCRIBER
CONSULT THE PRESCRIBER
A CONTACT LENS WEARER MAY EXPERIENCE EDEMA OF THE CORNEA BECAUSE OF :
POOR OPTICS IN THE LENS
OVER CORRECTION OF THE LENS
ABSORPTION OF TEARS INTO THE
CORNEA.
UNDER CORRECTION OF THE LENS
ABSORPTION OF TEARS INTO THE CORNEA.
______________ is a multi-zone concentric soft bifocal contact lens.
Acuvue Bifocal
Unilens
B&L Occasions
Tangent Streak
Acuvue Bifocal
During the diagnostic evaluation of the following patient, the lens rotates 10 degrees to the left. Which of the following lens parameters would you order for the patient?
Patient’s Refraction: -2.50 -1.00 x 170
Diagnostic Lens: 8.7 -2.50 -1.00 x 170
———————————————————–
8.7 -2.50 -1.00 x 160
- 7 -2.50 -1.00 x 170
- 7 -2.50 -1.00 x 180
- 7 -2.50 -1.00 x 10
8.7 -2.50 -1.00 x 180
Which of the following is a translating bifocal lens design?
Segmented
Concentric
Aspheric
Diffractive
Segmented
Prism ballast, double slab-off and peri-ballast are all used for what type of lens design?
Therapeutic
RGP Bitoric
Soft toric
Spherical
Soft toric
Which of the following lens designs would not provide a good visual result for this patient?
K’s 44.00 @180 / 42.50 @90
Rx -3.50 -1.50 x 90
——————————————————–
Soft toric lens
Aspheric rigid gas permeable lens
Soft spherical lens
Spherical rigid gas permeable lens
Soft spherical lens
A bifocal lens in which the power gradually changes from the central area of the lens to the periphery is known as:
A bitoric lens
A monocentric lens
An aspheric lens
A crescent lens
An aspheric lens
GIVEN THE FOLLOWING Rx: O.D. -2.00 -2.00 x 110
IF THE DIAGNOSTIC TORIC SOFT LENS ROTATES 15 DEGREES CLOCKWISE, WHAT LENS AXIS SHOULD BE ORDERED?
95
125
140
110
125
A prism ballast RGP lens requires how much prism for proper orientation?
- 00 to 4.00 D
- 50 to 3.00 D
- 25 to 0.50 D
- 75 to 1.50 D
0.75 to 1.50 D
WHAT PRESBYOPIC LENS DESIGN WOULD YOU RECOMMEND FOR A PATIENT WITH THEN FOLLOWING PRESCRIPTION AND “K” READINGS ?
O.D. -1.00 -1.50 X 180 O.D. 42.50 / 44.00@90
O.S. -0.50 -1.00 X 10 O.S. 41.75 / 42.75@100
ADD: +2.50 O.U.
SOFT CONCENTRIC
SPHERICAL SOFT MONOVISION
RGP ASPHERIC
RGP TRANSLATING
RGP TRANSLATING
WHEN FITTING A RIGID BACK SURFACE TORIC, APPROXIMATELY __________% OF THE CORNEAL TORICITY MAY BE PLACED ON THE POSTERIOR LENS SURFACE.
25
33
66
50
66
Keratoconus and penetrating keratoplasty fittings are best accomplished by which of the following?
K’s and Rx
Nomogram
Molded impression
Diagnostic fitting
Diagnostic fitting
A lens fitted for keratoconus should:
Align with the apex
Ride high
Flatten the apex
Vault the apex
Align with the apex
On a compromised cornea, such as a that has undergone a corneal graft, what lens characteristic would be most beneficial?
High tensile strength
High wetting angle
High DK/L
High flexibility
High DK/L
Among the following choices, which is the latest lens design for keratoconus?
Rose K
Soper design
Aspheric
McGuire design
Rose K
A patient has a possible acuity of 20/25 but has anaridia and photophobia. What type of lens would you fit?
Translucent lens without optics
Opaque cosmetic lens with optics
Opaque cosmetic lens with a black pupil
Translucent lens with optics
Opaque cosmetic lens with optics
One might utilize which of the following lens designs given the following information:
Ks: 46.00@ 100 / 49.00 @ 20 +2 distortion
Rx: -7.00 -3.50 x 100
————————————————————
Menicon Plateau
Ortho K
Rose K
Front surface toric RGP
Rose K
Which of the following conditions may benefit from an X-Chrom or Ruby Red lens?
Colobomas
Color deficiency
Anaridia
Corneal scars
Color deficiency
An aphakic patient with K reading of 40.50 @180 / 41.25 @ 90, large palpebral fissures and flaccid lower lids is a good candidate for a__________ lens.
Myoflange lenticular RGP
Single cut RGP
Collegen Sheild
Bitoric RGP
Myoflange lenticular RGP
Which of the following conditions may benefit from an iris lens with a black pupil?
Anaridia
Corneal scars
Color deficiency
Colobomas
Corneal scars
RGP lenses with a secondary curve steeper than the C.P.C. may be used for all of the following conditions except__________.
Post RK
Orthokeratology
Aphakia
Post LASIK
Aphakia
Which of the following is important to consider when asking questions of a patient?
Allow the patient time to answer
Ask only one question at a time
Use words the patient can understand
All of the above are important
All of the above are important
When comparing the cost of adding new patients to your practice versus keeping your current patients it is:
5 to 10 times more expensive to keep current patients
5 to 10 times more expensive to add new patients
5 to 10 times less expensive to add new patients
None of the above
5 to 10 times more expensive to add new patients
If a patient must wait longer than expected before being seen:
They should be told a shorter time than expected so they aren’t discouraged
They should expect to wait, it’s a professional office
They should be told a longer time than expected so they are pleasantly surprised when it’s shorter
They should be told honestly at the time of check-in
They should be told honestly at the time of check-in
When greeting a patient in the reception area:
Smile when you greet them
Say their name clearly
Walk toward them
All of the above
All of the above
When placing a caller on hold, you should always ask permission and then:
Wait for their response
Leave them on hold for 3 minutes only
efficiently place them on hold
Thank them
Wait for their response
Tidying the reception area should be done:
When it gets messy
At the end of each day
At the beginning of each day
Throughout the day
Throughout the day
How should you refer to the patient by name?
First names only
“Hon” or “Dearie”
Title (eg. Mr., Mrs, Ms. And last name)
Last names only
Title (eg. Mr., Mrs, Ms. And last name)
A ringing telephone should be answered by the:
3RD RING
ANSI- GP Lenses: CPC Tolerance
+/- 0.25mm or 0.12D
ANSI- GP Lenses: CPC Verification
Radiuscope
Keratometer
ANSI- GP Lenses: POWER Tolerance
+/- 10.00 Diopters = +/- 0.12D
> 10.00 Diopters = +/- 0.12D
ANSI- GP Lenses: POWER Verification
Lensmeter
Projection Lensmeter
ANSI- GP Lenses: Total Diameter Tolerance
+/- 0.05mm
ANSI- GP Lenses: Total Diameter Verification
V-Channel, Slip or Slot Gauge
Measuring Magnifier
Projection Magnifier
ANSI- GP Lenses: Center Thickness Tolerance
+/- 0.02mm
ANSI- GP Lenses: Center Thickness Verification
Thickness Gauge
S.O.A.P.
S.ubjective
O.bjective
A.ction
P.atient Instructions
4 6 8 10 RULE from Spectacle to Contacts
4= .25 or 1/4 6= .50 or 1/2 8= .75 or 3/4 10= 1.00 Diopter
Glasses vs Contacts:
More _____ power and less ____ power in contacts than glasses.
plus/minus
R.S.V.P.
R.edness
S.ecretion
V.ision loss
P.ain
Designing GP Lenses
Ks O.D. 41.00 / 42.50 @ 100
O.S. 40.25 / 41.50 @ 80
Rx O.D. -8.25 +1.50 x 100
O.S. -9.00 +1.25 x 80
H.V.I.D.: 11.5mm
V.D: 12mm
CPC POWER DIAMETER
O.D. _41.00_______-6.25________9.6_____
O.D. _40.75_______-6.00________9.6_____
O.D. _ 40.50______ -5.75________9.6_____
O.S. _ 40.25\_\_\_\_\_\_-7.12\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_9.6\_\_\_\_ O.S. _ 40.00\_\_\_\_\_\_-6.87\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_9.6\_\_\_\_ O.S. _ 39.75 \_\_\_\_\_\_-6.62\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_9.6\_\_\_\_
Designing Soft Contact Lenses
Ks O.D. 43.75 / 43.25 @ 110
O.S. 44.25 / 43.50 @ 120
Rx O.D. +5.50 -0.50 x 110
O.S. +7.00 -1.00 x 120
H.V.I.D.: 11.5mm
V.D.: 12mm
BASE CURVE POWER DIAMETER
O.D. \_\_\_8.6\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+5.50 or +5.75 \_\_14.0\_\_\_\_ O.S. \_\_\_8.6\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+7.00\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_14.0\_\_\_\_
Soft Lens Correction: Spherical
Rx Astigmatism < 1.00 D
Rx SPHERE to CYL Ratio > 3 to 1
Soft Lens Correction: Toric Designs
Front Surface
Back Surface
Stock
Custom
Rigid Lens Correction: Spherical
Residual Astigmatism <1.00 D
Corneal Astigmatism <3.00 D
Rigid Lens Correction: Toric Designs
Front Surface
Back Surface
Bitoric
_______illumination, the light is thrown out of focus so it spreads over a large portion of the eye.
A filter may be needed to dim the light to a comfortable level for the patient.
Magnification is kept low to maintain a large field of view.
This is a good illumination to use for a general survey of the cornea, sclera and lids.
Diffuse
_______illumination, the light is focused into a sharp slit of 2mm or less. The viewer looks into this slit.
A 1-2mm slit gives a _________ section that separates the anterior and posterior cornea.
Direct / Parellelpiped
lens position and movement
surface wettability of the cornea or contact lens
tear break-up time
gross corneal staining
blink reflex
DIFFUSE
determine which layer of the cornea is involved
detect irregular topography
view the lens/cornea relationship
OPTICAL SECTION
hazy lenses
fine epithelial edema endothelial cells surfaces of the crystalline lens
Specular Reflection
____________________ is when the lamp and microscope are at equal angles to the midline, a perfectly smooth transparent surface will reflect a mirror image of the lamp bulb. If the surface is not perfectly smooth, the viewer sees the texture of the surface rather than the mirror image.
Specular Reflection
_______ is a narrower slit, which allows the observer to see individual layers of a transparent structure.
Optical Section
_______is set up much like a parallelpiped section, but the viewer looks to the side of the slit instead of directly into it.
Very effective for inspecting opaque structures, such as:
lids and lashes
sclera and conjunctiva
Indirect
corneal vascularization and scarring
edema, microcysts
deposits on the contact lens or cornea
Retro-illumination
A halo effect is produced when a bright beam is directed toward the limbus at a wide angle. The halo is caused by light being reflected internally between the corneal epithelium and endothelium.
Anything in the substance of the cornea that is non-transparent is visible in this reflected light, but the classic use for this illumination is the detection of:
Opacities
Central Corneal Clouding or patch edema
Sclerotic Scatter
_________ uses reflected light from the iris or retina to backlight something opaque or translucent in the cornea. The examiner sees the shadowed side of the object against the bright background.
Retro-illumination
