2500L Flashcards
When contact lenses are being fit the slit lamp is indispensable for determining?
Whether the fit of the lens is acceptable, too tight, or too loose.
The lens/cornea relationship is observed with the aid of?
Sodium fluorescein
Sodium fluorescein is?
A fluorescent diagnostic solution
Fluorescein patterns show?
If a lens is steep or flat if corneal astigmatism is present and if so if the astigmatism with the rule or against the rule
What does the slit lamp do?
Show problems with the cornea, conjunctiva, lids, and lashes
What are the two main parts to a biomicroscope?
A light source and a binocular microscope
What type of magnification is used at first when using the biomicroscope?
Low magnification usually 6x or 10x.
This provides a greater depth of field and a larger field of view
Most slit lamp illumination procedures will b done with an angle of?
45-50 degrees between the beam and the microscope
The most common slit lamp illuminations used to evaluate the physical fit of a contact lens are?
Direct (focal)
Diffuse
The illuminations used to evaluate contact lens related problems are?
Indirect
Retro
Sclerotic scatter
The beam of the light and the microscope are focused directly on the area being examined
Direct illumination
The light is spread out over the cornea
Diffuse illumination
The normal cornea transparent due to a pumping action which creates a proper fluid balance. Which layer of the cornea is responsible for maintaining this function
Endothelium
The distance between the upper and lower eyelid Margins is called the
Palpebral fissure
A normal tear break up time is
12-15 seconds
What are contraindications to soft contact lenses?
Severe conjunctivitis
Acute inflammation of the anterior segment of the eye
Insufficient lacrimal function
Fluorescein which has been instilled into the eye best illuminated by
Cobalt light
Squamous similar to scalp dandruff lashes partially covered by scales
Ulcerative; bacteria infection usually by staphylococci. Lids red tender and sore w/ bleeding ulcers
Blepharitis
The distance between the upper and lower eyelid margins is called the
Palpebral fissure
A chronic inflammation of one of the meibomian glands of the tarsal plates (blockage)
The gland swells w/ a mixture of granulation cells & secretions there is no bacterial infection
Chalazion
An acute inflammation of a sebaceous glands caused by a bacterial infection
It appears as a reddish boil like elevation which developed a yellowish white top
Hordeolum or stye
An outward turning of the eyelid
Ectropian
When recording lower lid position on a record form a -2 mm notation indicates
The lower lid margins is 2mm below the lower limbus
An inward turning of the gelid so that the margin rests against the eye
Entropian
Which medication may contribute to an insufficient tear film?
Antihistamines
Inversion of the eyelashes resulting in impingement on the eyeball
Trichiasis
A blew filled with clear or milky fluid. They vary in size from pinhead to several millimeters
Usually caused by chronic irritation of the conjunctiva or blockage of a gland of Krauss duct
Conjunctiva cyst
Nevi or moles are benign epithelial tumors
A congenital discoloration due to pigmentation
Note size and location
Nevis
The loose attachment of The conjunctiva to the sclera allow blood from the broken vessel to spread between the two layers
Usually caused by local trauma but can also be caused by systemic vascular disease such as a hypertension
Subconjunctiva hemorrhage
A yellowish triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva
Located nasal or temporal to the cornea
Pinguecula
Triangular Fold of growing membrane that may extend over the cornea from the Sclera
Pterygium
Reduced function of lacrimal glands
Excessive evaporation of tears
Mucin deficiency
Keratitis sicca
An opaque white ring near the corneal periphery
Seen an older person due to fat deposits
Arcus Senilis
A Progressive conical thinning of the central area of the cornea. Myopia and irregular astigmatism increase as the condition progresses
Rigid contact lenses will correct the irregular astigmatism
May require a corneal transplant
Keratoconus
The most severe form of corneal Edema
Involve all layers of the cornea
Results from a diseased endothelium
Therapeutic soft contact lens used to manage pain
Bullous Keratopathy
A pathological loss of substance of the surface of the cornea due to a progressive erosion of tissue
Ulcer
A lack of oxygen which is indicated by various changes in the cornea
Cornel hypoxia
