2.5 - making human resource decisions Flashcards

1
Q

what is an organizational structure

A

how a business organises its staff to represent the different layers of management.

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2
Q

What is a hierarchical structure

A

Also known as a tall structure
Has many layers of management, and businesses with this structure often use a ‘top-down’ approach with a long chain of command
managers will have a narrow span of control and a relatively small number of subordinates (staff).

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3
Q

What is a flat structure

A

only a few layers of management.
managers have a wide span of control with more subordinates, and there is usually a short chain of command.
Flat organisational structures are commonly used by smaller businesses or those adopting a more modern approach to management.

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4
Q

Define span of control

A

the number of staff that a manager has responsibility for

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5
Q

Define chain of command

A

the route by which instructions and communications flow from the top to the bottom of a business, explaining who is answerable to whom

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6
Q

Define delayering

A

a process where a business removes layers of its management to make its structure more flat

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7
Q

define delegation

A

a process where tasks are given to members of staff, where often managers give tasks to employees further down the chain of command

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8
Q

define subordinates

A

members of staff below a manager in the chain of command

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9
Q

What is a centralised organisational structure

A

Where business decisions are made at the top of the business or in a head office and distributed down the chain of command

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10
Q

What is a decentralised organisational structure

A

where a business allows decisions to be made by managers and subordinates further down the chain. This structure provides staff with more decision-making responsibilities

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11
Q

What are 4 advantages of a centralised management structure

A

consistency across the business

the business has a clear direction

operations and decisions are closely controlled and managed

the chain of command and accountability are clear

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12
Q

What are 4 disadvantages of a centralised management structure

A

it can demotivate employees

a standardised approach may not work in all business locations

it may lower productivity

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13
Q

What are 3 advantages of a decentralised management structure

A

improved employee motivation

allowing managers lower down the chain to make decisions to suit their local area and customers

more responsibility for employees

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14
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of a decentralised management structure

A

consistency is not achieved across the business

managers can make ineffective decisions

may negatively impact sales and overall business performance, eg because of ineffective decisions by managers lower down the chain

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15
Q

What are flexible hours

A

You are given a set amount of hours per week and you can choose when you work those hours

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16
Q

What is a freelance contract

A

where a self-employed individual is engaged to carry out a specific piece of work over a defined period of time.

17
Q

What are the 3 types of hours

A

Full time
Part time
Flexible

18
Q

What are the 3 types of contracts

A

Permanent
Temporary
Freelance

19
Q

What do directors do

A

They are at the top of the organizational structure.

they make the key decisions

20
Q

What do senior managers do

A

They sit bellow directors and are the highest level of management they make day to day operational decisions

21
Q

What do supervisors and team leaders do

A

they sit bellow senior managers and often manage a team of employees providing them with their daily duties

22
Q

What do operational staff do

A

They complete tasks that fulfil the purpose of a business. eg. a checkout operator

23
Q

What do support staff do

A

They assist with the daily operation and running of a business. Their duties do not directly contribute to the overall operation or purpose of a business
Eg. cleaners and maintenance workers

24
Q

What is a person specification

A

A document created by a business that wants to fill a vacancy.
This document provides information about the type of person the business wants to hire.

A person specification includes details about the educational background, skills, experience and hobbies the business wants applicants to have.

It is often split into essential and desirable

25
Q

What is a Job description

A

a document produced by a business that wants to fill a vacancy.
Its main purpose is to list all of the duties that are required in the role.

26
Q

What is an application form

A

a form completed by a potential employee when they apply for a job.

27
Q

What is CV

A

a document that applicants complete and submit alongside a job application with all of their skills experiences and qualifications on it

28
Q

define motivation

A

The reasons an employee has for working - how driven and happy they are in their role.

29
Q

What are the financial methods of motivation(5)

A
  • Remuneration - Their wages
  • Bonuses
  • Commission
  • Promotion
  • Fringe benefits eg. free holidays, company car ect.
30
Q

What are the non-financial methods of motivation(3)

A

Job rotation - adding variety into an employees day to day role
Job enrichment - giving them more responsibility/ freedom
autonomy - the degree to which employees are able to make decisions about their day-to-day roles

31
Q

what are the 2 types of job rotation

A

different job roles - eg. fixing lights or fixing tires
and
Different duties within their role eg. developing a website or developing a software package