2.5 Common Network Protocols

Question 1

what is DHCP?

Answer 1

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, udp/67-68 ports

Automatically configures IP Address, Subnet mask, Default Gateway, etc.

Question 2

Define Dynamic Assignment (of IP Addresses)

Answer 2

Each IP is given a lease and must renew!

IP’s are assigned in real-time from a pool.

Question 3

Define Static Assignment (of IP Addresses)

Answer 3

IP Addresses are assigned by MAC Address in the DHCP server.

Can quickly re-address servers from one location.

Question 4

What is LDAP?

Answer 4

Light-weight Directory Access Protocol
Ports tcp/389 udp/389

Protocol for reading/writing directories over an IP Network (think phone directory).
Uses TCP/IP

LDAP is the protocol used to query and update an X.500 directory. (used in Windows/Mac/Novell etc)

Provides lots of functionality for managing many devices and components.

Question 5

X.500 Distinguishable Names

Answer 5

CN = Common Name (identifies person/object)
OU = Organizational Unit (Unit/Dept. within the organization)
O = Organization (name of the org)
L = Locality (a city or area)
ST = State (state, province, county within a country)
C = Country (a Country's 2 character ISO code "US" or "GB")

Question 6

What is X.500?

Answer 6

X.500 is the standard method for organizing/storing data in an LDAP Database.

a Hierarchial/Tree structure.

Container Objects (country, organization, org units)
Leaf Objects (users, computers, printers, files)

Question 7

What is SNMP?

Answer 7

Simple Network Management Protocol, port udp/161

Gathers network stats and lets you make configuration changes to remote devices on a network.

SNMP v1 = structured info, but no encryption

SNMP v2 = allows bulk transfers, other enhancements, still not encrypted.

SNMP v3 = provides message integrity and authentication, Encryption included on queries.