2.5 Flashcards
centralised organisational structure
decisions are made by senior managers
decentralised organisational strcuture
decisions are delegated to regional employees at local stores and branched
reasons a business would downsize
-improve efficiency
-reduce costs
-improve communication
span of control
the amount of employees a line manager is responsible for
impact of centralised organisational structure
-decision can be slow
-increased control and standardisation
impact of decentralised organisational structure
-loss of control
-decisions devolved to branches that may know their local customers better
impact of poor communication
-employee motivation
-customer service
-the number of mistakes made
-the understanding of employees
-the efficient implementation of decisions
-the image/brand of the business (through advertising)
barriers to effective communicsation
-using innapropate mediums or email system failure
-being angry or tired
-cultural differences
-use of jargon, depends of the skill and knowledge of the sender or reciever
-too much or too little information
types of workers
- full time
- part time
- freelance contract
-temporary contract
-permanent contract
-gflexible hours
-temporary contract
directors
responsible for:
-overall business performance
-business target setting and strategy formation
senior managers
responsible for:
-management and leadership of key business functions
supervisors and team leaders
-leading a team of workers
-performance management
-providing training, support and motivation
operational staff
carrying out the key operations of a business
support staff
providing services that support the main function of the business
how do businesses recruit people
-application forms
-curriculum vitae (CV)
-job descriptions
-person specifications
job description
-the essential information about a job role
person specification
a description of characteristics, qualifications, experience and skills that are required to meet the needs of the job description
CV
a dcoument that lists a persons experience and qualifications
internal recruitment
-fats and easy to advetise vacancy
-cheaper than external advertising
-candidates already know the business so will be more efficient from the beginning
-promotion oppertuntius motivate current employees
external recruitment
-more potential applicants
-new ideas and skills brought to the business
-suitable if the business is growing and needs more employees
formal training
+ may be provided by external companies who are subject or industry specialists
+ may offer formal accrediation or qualifications
- can be expensive and time consuming
-may require employees to stop working while they are training, so productivity falls
informal training
+ is cheaper and less time consuming
+ gives employees real/ hands on experience
-may be stressful for employees if they are doing the job without the neccessary skills
- may mean that employees have to take responsibiloty for seeking or providing training
the importance of training employees
-skills, training employees will improve their skills and value to the business, Having the most skillled employees may give a business a competitive advanatge over rivals
-motivation, as employees improve their skills and knowledge, their confidence also improve, this can lead a happy and highly motivated workforce
-retention, investing money in training employees shows that the business values its employees, this means that they are less likel to leave to find a job elsewhere, improving the businesses retention rates
technology and training
+new technology enables training as employees can use computer simulations
+training can be more flexible and can be assessed remotely using webinars and online courses
-employees need to be retrained whenever new technology is introduced, this can be expensive and lower productivity
importance of motivation in the workplace
-create a hard working and flexible workforce
-encourage employees to have greater committent to the organisation
-reduce employees sick leave rates
-improve customer service
-improve communication within the business
-attract and retain good employees
-increase productity because the workforce is happy
financial methods of motivation
-time based systems, overtime
-salaries
-piece rate
-commision
-bonus schemes
-fringe benefits, company car, healthcare, pension schemes, company discounts
-career progression, promotion
non financial methods of motivation
- job rotation
-job enrichment
-employee reward scheme
-teamworking
