2.4.9 Revision

Question 1

Outline 3 reasons Islam is a religion of peace (3)

Answer 1

One reasons is because one of God’s name in the Qur’an is ‘peace and security’
A second reason is because the word Islam means ‘peace’ in Arabic.
A third reason is because a Muslim greeting is salaam alaykum - ‘may peace be with you’

Question 2

Outline three ways the Ahmadiyya work for peace (3)

Answer 2

One reason is by holding an annual peace form to tackle violence
A second reason is because their leader does talks around the world encouraging peace
A third reason is by speaking out against terrorist activities done in the name of Islam

Question 3

State three problems caused by war and conflict (3)

Answer 3

Casualties
Displacement
Expense

Question 4

Outline 3 causes of conflict (3)

Answer 4

Religion causes wars when religious groups fight to dominate each other.
Nationalism causes genocides when one ethnic group tries to wipe out another.
Resources causes conflicts when a country needs another’s resources such as oil or water.

Question 5

Outline three Muslim responses to the causes of war (3)

Answer 5

One response is to go to war if it lines up with just war theory.
A second response is to go to war if they are attacked.
A third response is to react warily because Muhammad said war was a deception.

Question 6

State three ways situation ethics might respond to war (3)

Answer 6

One way is to look at the causes and effect of a war and make a decision based on what would produce the most loving outcome.
A second way is because the country has been invaded and its people will be wiped out if no one gets involved.
A third way is to not go to war because nuclear weapons may be used which would result in destroying the world.

Question 7

State three parts of Just War theory (3)

Answer 7

If the cause is just, if it is fought with the right authority eg the UN and if the war is fought with the intention of restoring peace.

Question 8

State three parts of Just War theory in Islam (3)

Answer 8

If it is for a just cause, a last resort and authorised by a Muslim authority.

Question 9

Outline three features of a holy war to Muslims (3)

Answer 9

One feature is it must be fought to achieve a religious goal. A second feature is it must be authorised by a religious leader. Thirdly, it must promise a spiritual reward for those who fight in the war.

Question 10

Outline three teachings of Shari’ah law on when a Holy War can be fought (3)

Answer 10

A holy war can be fought to defend Islam. Secondly it can be fought to strengthen Islam. Thirdly it can be fought to protect the freedom of Muslims to practise their faith.

Question 11

State three countries in the United Nations that have nuclear weapons (3)

Answer 11

UK, France, USA

Question 12

State three types of weapons of mass destruction (3)

Answer 12

Nuclear, chemical and biological weapons

Question 13

Explain why peace is important to Muslims (b or c)

Answer 13

Islam teaches that accepting Islam brings inner peace through submitting to the will of Allah
When Muslims have inner peace it encourages them to have peaceful relationships with inner peace

“O You who believe! Enter into peace (Islam) wholeheartedly;

Question 14

Explain why justice, forgiveness and reconciliation are important to Muslims (b or c)

Answer 14

Otherwise they’ll be judged badly on last day
If prisoner isn’t forgiven repeat path

“The believers are but a single brotherhood: so make peace and reconciliation between your two contending brothers.”

Question 15

Explain why Muslims have different responses to the problems caused by conflict (b)

Answer 15

2

Question 16

Explain why Muslims have different viewpoints on pacifism (b)

Answer 16

2

Question 17

Explain why Muslims may not support weapons of mass destruction. (b or c)

Answer 17

“Do not kill any child, any woman, or any elder or sick person.” “Do not kill the monks in monasteries and those sitting in places of worship.” “Do not destroy the villages and towns.. Cultivated fields and gardens.. Cattle..

Question 18

Explain why Muslims have different viewpoints on Just War theory (b)

Answer 18

2

Question 19

Explain what the strengths of weapons of mass destruction are (b)

Answer 19

2

Question 20

Explain why Muslims may not support weapons of mass destruction. (b or c)

Answer 20

WMD are usually because of war and muslim attitudes to war - Just War theory -
They believe that that life should not be taken which comes from
“Do not kill any child, any woman, or any elder or sick person.” “Do not kill the monks in monasteries and those sitting in places of worship.” “Do not destroy the villages and towns.. Cultivated fields and gardens.. Cattle..

Question 21

Explain what the strengths of weapons of mass destruction are (b)

Answer 21

Have the potential to destroy the earth and because of that nobody will use them
Biological and chemical weapons don’t destroy buildings only life - they are efficient.

Question 22

“All Muslims should be pacifists.”

Answer 22

Agree-

• Tradition of passive resistance - Moses and Aaron
• Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan - friend of Gandhi
• Humanists would agree - helped set up United Nations - life is more valuable if you don’t believe in an afterlife - would push everyone to be pacifists

Disagree-

• Arabic word for struggle is jihad - jihadis-explain
• No teaching of pacifism or turning the other cheek
• “Fight in the cause of those who fight you, but do not transgress the limits; for God loveth not the transgressor.” War is only allowed under certain situations eg self defence. War is only allowed to be waged in a just way and has limits.
• “To those against whom war is made, permission is given to fight because they are wronged; and verily God is most powerful, for their aid.” (Surah 22) It is justified to fight if it is self defence or you are wronged in some way.