24.2 - 4: Competition, Conservation, Preservation Flashcards

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1
Q

Define interspecific competition.

A

Competition between individuals of different species

-Affecting population size and species distribution

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2
Q

What happens when 2 species live in competition?

A

Two species cannot live in complete competition, one species will adapt better than the other, leading to:

  • One species will be extinct
  • One species specialises to avoid competition – leads to concentration on one food type or nest site
  • Change in area species distribution – some species will migrate to avoid competition by living in different areas
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3
Q

Define intraspecific competition and the effect it has on population size.

A

Competition between individuals of the same species.

  • As population size increases, resources become limited increasing competition
  • The best adapted (competitors) survive, reducing growth and limiting eventual population size
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4
Q

Describe the interactions between predators and prey.

A
  1. Prey population increases, giving more food for predators to survive and reproduce
    ​​Predator population increases
  2. The prey population decreases (death>birth),
  3. the predators have less food so intraspecific predator competition increases,
    Predator populaiton falls
  4. Prey population can survive and reproduce, increasing without predation.
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5
Q

Define conservation and give examples.

A

Is the maintenance of biodiversity through human action/management.

  • Reclamation: of land to return to original habitat and reduce competiton, e.g.
  • by halting succession to increase biodiversity
  • by controlled burning
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6
Q

Define preservation.

A

Is the protection of an area by restricting/banning human interference (keeping ecosystem in original shape).
leaves the ecosystem undisturbed

  • Used when preserving ecologically, paleontologically or archaeologically sensitive resources
  • Usually, preservation prohibits visitation to ensure full protection of an area
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7
Q

Give economic reasons for the importance of conservation.

A
  • Provide resources needed for human survival and to provide an income
  • E.g. rainforest species provide medicinal drugs, clothes and tradeable foods
  • Timber production to sell
  • Fuel source
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8
Q

Give ethical reasons for the importance of conservation.

A
  • Organisms have a right to exist, they play key roles in ecosystems
  • Some people believe humans do not have the right to decide the fate of an organisms life
  • Moral responbility to conserve
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9
Q

Give social reasons for the importance of conservation.

A
  • People enjoy nature reserves and natural beauty (bird watching, cycling, walking, climbing)
  • Beneficial relaxation for mental health wellbeing
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