24.1 Phys: Endocrine control review

Question 1

If a hormone is released into the blood, which cells will be affected?

Answer 1

Only target cells that have a receptors

Question 2

What is a trophic hormone?

Answer 2

Hormone A that controls Hormone B’s secretion

Question 3

What is the solubility of peptides/catecholamines?

Answer 3

Hydrophilic (therefore exocytosis, soluble in plasma)

Question 4

What is the solubility of steroid/thyroid hormones?

Answer 4

Hydrophobic (therefore plasma bound)

Question 5

What is the R’ action of peptides/catecholamines?

Answer 5

Surface R’s, intracellular signalling, second messenger

Question 6

What is the R’ action of steroids/thyroid hormones?

Answer 6

Alter gene expression and protein production

Question 7

What are examples of:
Peptides
Catecholamines
Steroids
Thyroid hormone
?

Answer 7

Peptides: insulin, pTH
Catecholamines: NA/A
Steroids: T, oestrogen, cortisol
Thyroid H: T4 (Thyroxine)

Question 8

What is an example of a set of permissive hormones?

Answer 8

Cortisol and adrenaline (one cannot work without another)

Question 9

What is primary and secondary hyposecretion?

Answer 9

Primary: abnormal gland
Secondary: abnormal trophic hormone

Question 10

What is primary and secondary hypersecretion?

Answer 10

Primary: abnormal gland
Secondary: excess stimulation

Question 11

What are the CRH/ACTH levels in primary hypersecretion?

Answer 11

CRH/ACTH: low

Question 12

What are the CRH/ACTH levels in secondary hypersecretion due to a:
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary

problem?

Answer 12

Hypothalamus: High CRH/ACTH

Ant pit: Low CRH, high ACTH