2.4- resource management

Question 1

What is production?

Answer 1

The process of creating goods or services by transforming raw materials, components or inputs into finished products that can be sold to consumers or other businesses

Question 2

What is job production?

Answer 2

Products that are individually tailored to specific customer requirements

Question 3

What are the advantages of job production?

Answer 3

-Customisation
-Quality focus
-Flexibility
-Unique products

Question 4

What are the disadvantages of job production?

Answer 4

-Higher costs
-Time consuming
-Dependancy on skilled labour
-Inconsistent quality

Question 5

What is flow production?

Answer 5

Products are produced in a continuous flow

Question 6

What are the advantages of flow production?

Answer 6

-High efficiency
-Lower costs per unit
-Quick
-Reduced labour costs

Question 7

What are the disadvantages of flow production?

Answer 7

-High initial set up costs
-Inflexibility
-Dependance on demand
-Quality control issues

Question 8

What is batch production?

Answer 8

Products are produced in groups or batches

Question 9

What are the advantages of batch production?

Answer 9

-Flexibility
-Cost efficiency
-Reduced set up time
-Less waste

Question 10

What are the disadvantages of batch production?

Answer 10

-High costs
-Time consuming
-Inconsistent quality
-Limited production speed

Question 11

What is cell production?

Answer 11

Organises workstations into small, self-contained units where a group of workers are responsible for producing a product

Question 12

What are advantages of cell production?

Answer 12

-Increased efficiency
-Team collaboration
-Flexibility
-Employee engagement

Question 13

What are the disadvantages of cell production?

Answer 13

-High set up costs
-Dependency on team dynamics
-Potential conflict
-Limited production volume

Question 14

What is productivity?

Answer 14

How many products are produced in an amount of time

Question 15

What is efficiency?

Answer 15

The ability to achieve maximum output with minimum input and waste

Question 16

How do you improve productivity?

Answer 16

-Staff benefits
-Look after staff wellbeing
-Technology
-Training

Question 17

How do you improve efficiency?

Answer 17

-Standardisation
-Relocating
-Downsizing
-Technology

Question 18

What is Labour productivity?

Answer 18

How much output is produced for each unit of labour

Question 19

What is the formula for labour productivity?

Answer 19

Labour productivity = output per time period/number of employees per time period

Question 20

What is capital intensive?

Answer 20

A production process that requires a significant amount of capital investment in relation to the amount labour used

Question 21

What are advantages of capital intensive?

Answer 21

-High efficiency
-Economies of scale
-Consistency
-Reduced labour costs

Question 22

What are disadvantages of capital intensive?

Answer 22

-High initial investment
-Fixed costs
-Limited flexibility
-Dependence on technology

Question 23

What is labour intensive?

Answer 23

A type of process or industry that relies heavily on human labour rather than capital or machinery

Question 24

What are advantages of labour intensive?

Answer 24

-Job creation
-Flexibility
-Lower initial investment
-Skill development

Question 25

What are disadvantages of labour intensive?

Answer 25

-High labour costs -Inconsistent quality -Dependancy on work force -Limited scalability

Question 26

What is capacity utilisation?

Answer 26

The use that a business makes of its resources

Question 27

What is the formula for capacity utilisation?

Answer 27

Capacity utilisation= current output/maximum possible output X 100

Question 28

What is under-utilisation?

Answer 28

A business operates under its maximum capacity, so resources are not being used to their full potential

Question 29

What are advantages of under-utilisation?

Answer 29

-Flexibility to meet demand changes -Improved quality control -Opportunity for staff training -Cost management

Question 30

What are disadvantages of under-utilisation?

Answer 30

-Increased fixed costs per unit -Inefficiency -Reduced profit margins -Employee demotivation

Question 31

What is over-utilisation?

Answer 31

A business operates at or above its maximum capacity, using resources to their fullest extent

Question 32

What are advantages of over-utilisation?

Answer 32

-Maximised output -Economies of scale -Increased market share -Efficiency

Question 33

What are disadvantages of over-utilisation?

Answer 33

-Reduced flexibility -Waste -Employee burnout -Increased operating costs

Question 34

What is just in time management of stock?

Answer 34

Only receiving goods as they're needed in the production process

Question 35

What are advantages of JIT?

Answer 35

-Minimised waste -Increased efficiency -Reduced inventory costs -Products won't go obsolete -Connects businesses and suppliers

Question 36

What are the disadvantages of JIT?

Answer 36

-Increased pressure on suppliers -Higher transportation costs -Limited buffer stock -Complexity in planning

Question 37

What is just in case management of stock?

Answer 37

Maintaining higher levels of stock to ensure a business can meet unexpected demand

Question 38

What are advantages of JIC?

Answer 38

-Can meet unpredictable demand -Customer satisfaction -Flexibility -Easier planning

Question 39

What are disadvantages of JIC?

Answer 39

-Waste -Risk of obsolescence -Inefficiency -May not have enough space

Question 40

What is lean production?

Answer 40

Focusing on minimising waste while maximising productivity and efficiency

Question 41

What is quality assurance?

Answer 41

Ensuring that products or services meet specified quality standards before they reach the customer

Question 42

What are the advantages of quality assurance?

Answer 42

-Improved product quality -Reduced costs -Enhanced customer trust -Increased efficiency

Question 43

What are disadvantages of quality assurance?

Answer 43

-High cost -Time consuming -Resistance to change -Limited flexibility

Question 44

What are quality circles?

Answer 44

Small groups of employees who meet regularly to discuss and solve quality problems

Question 45

What are advantages of quality circles?

Answer 45

-Employee engagement -Improved quality -Cost saving -Team work

Question 46

What are disadvantages of quality circles?

Answer 46

-Time consuming -Conflict -Limited authority -Resistance to participation

Question 47

What is total quality management (TQM)

Answer 47

Improving the quality of products and services across an entire organisation

Question 48

What are advantages of TQM?

Answer 48

-Enhanced customer satisfaction -Reduced costs -Increased efficiency -Continuous improvement

Question 49

What are disadvantages of TQM?

Answer 49

-Time consuming -Limited immediate results -Complexity -High implementation costs

Question 50

What is kaizen?

Answer 50

Making small changes to improve efficiency, quality and productivity

Question 51

What are the advantages of kaizen?

Answer 51

-Continuous improvement -Employee engagement -Increased efficiency -Enhanced quality

Question 52

What are the disadvantages of kaizen?

Answer 52

-Time consuming -Resistance to change -Limited impact -Potential for overload