Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Inorganic Chemistry > 2.4 Period 3 > Flashcards

2.4 Period 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between sodium and cold water and what do you observe ?

A

2Na(s)+2H2O(l)—>2NaOH(aq)+H2 (g)

It fizzes around on surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of magnesium with steam?

A

Mg (s) + H2O (g)—>MgO (s) + H2 (g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What colour flames do period 3 elements produce and what colour are the oxides produced when group 3 elements react with oxygen?

A

The elements all react with oxygen to form oxides.
Sodium burns with a yellow flame to produce a white solid
Mg, Al, Si and P burn with a white flame to give white solid smoke
S burns with a blue flame to form an acidic choking gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Sodium and oxygen.

A

4 Na (s) + O2 (g) —> 2 Na2O(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Magnesium and oxygen.

A

2Mg (s) + O2(g)—> 2MgO (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Aluminium and oxygen.

A

4Al(s) + 3O2 (g) —> 2Al2O3 (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Silicon and oxygen.

A

Si(s) + O2 (g) —> SiO2 (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Phosphorus and oxygen.

A

4P(s)+ 5O2 (g) —> P4O10 (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of Sulfur and oxygen.

A

S(s) + O2 (g) —> SO2 (g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is sodium and phosphorus stored and why?

A

Sodium is stored under oil and phosphorus under water to stop these elements coming into contact and reacting with air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe and explain the bonding in Na2O , MgO and Al2O3.

A

They are ionic oxides.
They have high melting points. They have Ionic giant lattice structures: strong forces of attraction between ions : higher mp. They are ionic because of the large electronegativity difference between metal and O.
Al2O3 shows some covalent character.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe and explain the bonding in SiO2.

A

SiO2 is Macromolecular: It has many very strong covalent bonds between atoms. High energy needed to break the many strong covalent bonds – very high mp +bp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe and explain the bonding in P4O10 and SO2.

A

Simple molecular oxides:P4O10 (s), SO2 (g) are simple molecular with
weak intermolecular forces between molecules (van der waals + permanent dipoles) so have lower mp’s. They are covalent because of the small electronegativity difference between the non-metal and O atoms. P4O10 is a molecule containing 4P’s and 10 O’s. As it is a bigger molecule and has more electrons than SO2 it will have larger van der waals forces and a higher melting point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens when Aluminium metal is exposed to moist air?

A

Aluminium metal is protected from corrosion in moist air by a thin layer of aluminium oxide. The high lattice strength of aluminium oxide and its insolubility in water make this layer impermeable to air and water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does MgO and Na2O react with water?

A

Na2O (s) + H2O (l)—>2Na+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) pH 13 (This is a vigorous exothermic reaction)
The ionic oxides are basic as the oxide ions accept protons to become hydroxide ions in this reaction (acting as a bronsted lowry base)
MgO (s) + H2O (l)—>Mg(OH)2 (s) pH 9
Mg(OH)2 is only slightly soluble in water as its lattice is stronger so fewer free OH- ions are produced and so lower pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What pH is the solution when MgO reacts with water?

A

9

17
Q

What pH is the solution when Na2O reacts with water?

A

13

18
Q

How does Al2O3 and SiO2 react with water?

A

Al2O3 and SiO2 do not dissolve in water because of the high strength of the Al2O3 ionic lattice and the SiO2 macromolecular structure, so they give a neutral pH 7

19
Q

What pH is the solution when Al2O3 reacts with water?

A

7

20
Q

What pH is the solution when SiO2 reacts with water ?

A

7

21
Q

What is the best period 3 oxide to treat stomach acid and acidic rivers and why?

A

MgO is better than NaOH for treating acid in rivers and the stomach as it is only sparingly soluble and weakly alkaline so using an excess would not make the water excessively alkaline.

22
Q

What is the equation for the reaction of Phosphorus oxide and water? What pH is the product?

A

P4O10 (s) + 6 H2O (l) —> 4 H3PO4(aq)
(this is a vigorous exothermic reaction)
pH: 0

23
Q

How does SO2 react with water and what pH is the solution?

A 
SO2 (g) + H2O (l) —> H2SO3 (aq) 
pH 3 (weak acid)
24
Q

What is the reaction of SO3 and water and what pH is the solution?

A

SO3 (g) + H2O (l) —> H2SO4 (aq)

pH 0

25
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between Al2O3 and H2SO4 and what is the role of Al2O3?

A

Al2O3 (s)+ 3H2SO4 (aq) —> Al2(SO4)3 (aq) + 3H2O (l)

Al2O3 is acting as a base

26
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between Al2O3 and HCl what is the role of Al2O3?

A

Al2O3 + 6HCl —> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

Aluminium oxide acts as a base

27
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between Al2O3 and NaOH what is the role of Al2O3?

A

Al2O3 (s)+ 2NaOH (aq) + 3H2O (l) —> 2NaAl(OH)4 (aq)

28
Q

Why is aluminium considered an amphoteric oxide?

A

Aluminium oxide can act as both an acid and an alkali and is therefore called amphoteric.

29
Q

Why does SiO2 not dissolve in water or react with weak alkali?

A

SiO2 has a giant covalent structure with very strong bonds. This stops SiO2 dissolving or reacting with water and weak solutions of alkali.

30
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between SiO2 and sodium hydroxide?

A

2NaOH (l) + SiO2 (s) —> Na2SiO3 (aq) + H2O

31
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between P4O10 and sodium hydroxide?

A

P4O10 (s) + 12 NaOH (aq) —> 4Na3PO4(aq) + 6 H2O (l)

32
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between P4O10 and Sodium oxide ?

A

P4O10 + 6 Na2O —> 4Na3PO4

33
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between SO2 and sodium hydroxide?

A

SO2 (g) + 2NaOH (aq) —> Na2SO3 (aq) + H2O (l)

34
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between SO3 and sodium hydroxide?

A

SO3 (g) + 2NaOH(aq) —> Na2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

Inorganic Chemistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions