24 multiple choice questions Flashcards
In an article that reports a research study, a limitation is something that:
a) explains why findings cannot be generated
b) sets limits on accessing a sample
c) restricts your access to findings
d) causes uncertainty or imposes limits when interpreting findings
D
Adequate sample size for an interventional study based on:
a) effect size of the intervention
b) size and standard deviation of outcome measurement
c) desired power and significance of the study
d) all of the above
C
In quantitative research, the purpose of sampling is to:
a) make predictions about the study
b) generalise the findings to the population
c) increase the efficiency of a research study
d) recruit as many participants as possible
B
Qualitative research is interested in questions that involve:
a) cause and effect relationships
b) consciousness and subjectivity
c) control and measurement
d) generalisation and prediction
B
A normal curve shows:
a) p values
b) a distribution where few values are either low or high and most are in the middle
c) a distribution where all values tend to be the same or very similar
d) a skewed distribution
B
The aim of the clinical audit is to:
a) save money
b) improve patient outcomes
c) ensure patient care is based upon the best available evidence
d) obtain evidence for use in disciplinary proceedings
B
Data are:
a) always numbers
b) numbers and words
c) the same as statistics
d) none of the above
B
The middle score of a range of scores is called the:
a) median
b) percentage
c) mode
d) mean
A
Ethnographic research approaches are committed to:
a) description of the essence of phenomena
b) creating historical accounts of events
c) developing middle range theories
d) exploration of social and cultural settings
D
Clinical governance means that quality monitoring and improvement are:
a) Mainly undertaken by management consultants
b) The responsibility of every health professional
c) An optional activity
d) The sole responsibility of health area managers
B
A researcher wants to find out whether tobacco and alcohol use have an effect on the length of hospital stay of orthopaedic surgical patients. The most appropriate type of design would be:
a) Ethnographic
b) Correlational
c) Experimental
d) Comparative descriptive
B
The ethical principle that all participants have the right to be treated fairly and will respect and courtesy at every stage of the research process, is an example of the application of:
a) Privacy
b) Confidentiality
c) Anonymity
d) Justice
D
The qualitative researcher uses pseudonyms when quoting participants’ narratives in published studies; meeting the requirement for:
a) Respect for justice
b) Respect for privacy
c) Beneficence
d) Respect for automomy
B
Descriptive statistics are used to:
a) Summarise data for variables
b) Provide an overview of the data
c) Give indications for further data analysis
d) All of the above
D
A longitudinal design
a) is cross-sectional
b) collects data over time
c) collects data over length
d) collects data in maritime applications
B
The characteristics of a literature review include:
i) Evidence of a comprehensive search of the literature
ii) A review of mainly secondary sources of literature
iii) Summaries are succinct, with minimal direct quotes
iv) A logical flow using themes or categories
a) i, ii & iii
b) i, iii and iv
c) ii, iii and iv
d) All of the above
B
Evidenced-based practice is a quality improvement process because:
a) You have critically analysed many research articles
b) You have learned how to skim when reading research articles
c) Trial and error is still important in nursing practice
d) Evidence-based practice is a key factor contributing to accountability and benchmarking
D
The results section in a research paper:
a) Describe the process of implementing the research study
b) Describe the gap in knowledge to be addressed
c) Summarise the specific information gathered in the study
d) Describe the decisions or determinations made about the research problem
C
The most commonly occurring value or score in the data is called the:
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) Alpha
C
Ethnography has its origins in:
a) Quantitative research
b) Feminist research
c) Historical research
d) Anthropology
D
What is accepted as the main means for understanding other’s experience of phenomena:
a) Numerical data
b) Language
c) Observation
d) Surveys
B
In qualitative data collection, the aim is to:
a) Determine the true meaning of a phenomenon
b) Predict variables in similar samples of the population
c) Objectively recruit participants with an equal chance of selection
d) Identify themes comprised of similar significant statements
A
Evidence-based practice is the:
a) Conscious & intentful use of research and theory-based information to make decisions about patient care delivery
b) Conscious & intenful use of research and theory-based information to make decisions to advance our theoretical knowledge
c) Conscious use of heresay in making decisions about patient care delivery
d) Conscious use of traditional authority in making decisions about patient care delivery
A
Qualitative knowledge:
a) Builds a picture of understanding
b) Analyses predictive factors
c) Provides an opportunity for generalisation and inference
d) Is reliant primarily on numbers
A
