2.4

Question 1

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

Nucleus
Nucleolus
Mitochondria
vesicles and lysosomes
cytoskeleton
centrioles
flagella and cilia
Rough and smooth ER
Riobosomes
golgi apparatus

Question 2

golgi apparatus

Answer 2

looks like smooth ER
-formed of cristernae
-modifies proteins
packages proteins into vesicles

Question 3

Rough ER

Answer 3

Ribosome bound to surface
-responsible for protein synthesis and transport

Question 4

smooth ER

Answer 4

Lipid and carb synthesis+storage

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

free floating in cytoplasm
-attached to rough ER
-not surrounded by membr
-ocnstructed of RNA made in the nucleoulus
-site for protein synthesis

Question 6

cytoskeleton

Answer 6

-present in cytoplasm
-network of fibres necessary for the shape and stability of cell
-microfilaments
-microtubules
-intermediate fibres

Question 7

microfilaments

Answer 7

contractile fibres formed from the protein actin
-responsible for cell movement
-also cell contraction during cytokinesis

Question 8

microtubules

Answer 8

globular tubulin proteins polymerise to form tubes that determine cell structure
-highway for movement between organelles
-EG spindle fibres

Question 9

intermediate fibres

Answer 9

give mechanical strength and hlp maintain integrity

Question 10

lysosomes

Answer 10

specialised froms of vesicles
-contain hydrolytic enzymes
-break down waste
-break down pathogens digested by phagocytes
-cell apoptosis

Question 11

mitochondria

Answer 11

site for respiration
-energy is stored here
-produces atp
-more activity=more mitochondria
-double membr
-inner membr highly folded to form cristae
-fluid interior is called the matrix
-can reproduce themselves and make enzymes

Question 12

nucleolus

Answer 12

responsible for ribosome production
-coomposed of proteins and rna

Question 13

nucleus

Answer 13

contains genetic info
-codes for DNA

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

-controls metabolism
-contained in a nuclear envelope(double membr) which has nuclear pores
-has to be transcribed into RNA to leave envelope

Question 15

protein production

Answer 15

-synthesised on ribosomes bound to rough ER
- pass into cristernae and are packaged into vesicles
-move towards golgi apparatus via cytoskeleton
-fusion wiht the cis face of the glgi and protein enter
-proteins are then modified before leaving through the trans face
-ecretory vesicles carry proteins to be released from the cell
-proteins fuse wiht the cell surface membr and release contents via exocytosis