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AQA GCSE - Physics > 2.3 Work, Energy And Momentum > Flashcards

2.3 Work, Energy And Momentum Flashcards

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1
Q

What is work done? Unit?

A

Energy transferred

Joules (J)

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2
Q

Work done to overcome friction is mainly transferred into energy by what?

A

Heating

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3
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

Energy stored in an object because of its position in the earths gravitational field

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4
Q

When does an object gain Gravitational potential energy?

A

When it is moved vertically upwards

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5
Q

What is the gravitational potential energy equal to when it is moved vertically up?

A

Equal to work done on it by the lifting force

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6
Q

Unit for…
Gravitational potential energy
Gravitational field strength

A

Joules (J)

Newtons per kilogram (N/kg)

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7
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of transfer of energy
Or
Work done in a given time

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8
Q

Unit of power?

A

Watts (W)

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9
Q

What do all moving objects have?

A

Kinetic energy

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10
Q

What is momentum?

A

A property of moving objects

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11
Q

What happens to momentum in a closed system?

A

It is conserved in a closed system i.e no other external force are involved

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12
Q

Momentum involves mass and velocity, can momentum be negative? Explain?

A

Velocity can be negative if it goes in the opposite direction
Therefore momentum can be as well

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13
Q

Unit of momentum?

A

Kg m/s

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14
Q

What happens in an explosion?

A

Two objects move apart with equal and opposite momentum
As
One momentum is positive and the other is negative
Making the total monument zero

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15
Q

What is an example of an explosion?

A

A gun
The bullet fires off with momentum in one direction
The gun recoils with equal momentum in the opposite direction

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16
Q

What happens to momentum in a collision?

A

Often becomes zero during impact

17
Q

If the impact time is short what happens to the force?

A

It is large

18
Q

If the impact time is longer what happens to the force?

A

It decreases

19
Q

What does a crumple zone do in a car?

A

It folds in a collision

Increasing the impact time so it reduces the force on the car and the people in it

20
Q

What other safety features do cars have?

A

Airbags: spread the force across a wider surface area

Seat belt: increases impact time which reduces the force

AQA GCSE - Physics (16 decks)

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