2.3 - What About Turkey? Flashcards
What is Turkey’s situation with Water?
- High rainfall and reasonable climate in most places.
- SE (Anatolia) and major cities (Istanbul) have very high population and low rainfall/
- Tigris and Euphrates start in Turkey, and flow into Syria.
What is Turkey’s plan to fix its situation with water?
SE Anatolia Project (GAP in Turkish)
What is Jordan’s situation with Water?
- Very high population, particularly in Amman.
- Recent issues with drought.
- Most water used by Amman.
- Climate change = 30% drop in precipitation.
What is Jordan’s plan to fix its situation with water?
Red-Dead Sea Conveyance Project
What percentage economic growth does the SE Anatolia project predicted to provide Turkey?
400% economic growth (Turkey)
What is the cost of the SE Anatolia Project?
Cost = $32bn
What percentage of water does Tel Aviv use from the Golan Heights?
80%
What is RUM?
Rural Urban Migration
How many Dams does the SE Anatolia project contain?
21 dams
How many HEP does the SE Anatolia project contain?
19 HEP
What are the potential environmental issues of the SE Anatolia project?
Environmentalists point out the scheme’s other pitfalls, including local climate change caused by evaporation from the reservoirs; depletion of the soil from the overuse of artificial fertilisers; the lowering of the water table; and severe loss of habitat for wildlife.
What cash crops will the SE Anatolia help with?
Eastwards from Gaziantep, new pistachio and olive plantations flourish, and cotton is being grown around Harran.
Who has the SE Anatolia project caused friction with?
GAP has caused friction with Turkey’s neighbours. The Euphrates and Tigris rivers are important sources of water for both Syria and Iraq, and the governments of both countries have expressed reservations about the project.
What problems has occurred with the SE Anatolia project?
The World Bank refused to provide project loans until an agreement had been reached with Syria and Iraq on sharing the water of the two rivers.
Because foreign currency has been in great shortage in Turkey, international contractors who had been awarded contracts were replaced by Turkish firms.
Since Turkish firms have proven themselves capable of completing the project, international financial circles have been persuaded to make loans.
What does the SE Anatolia project establish?
- 21 dams, 19 HEP and tunnels
- Supplies power
- Supplies irrigation
- Supplies cash crops (nuts / fruits)
- Supplies business farming → RUM
What does the Red-Dead Sea Conveyance Project establish?
- Huge desalination plant in Red Sea
- Water flows downhill to the Dead Sea
- Water supplied to Jordan, Israel and Palestinian.
- Powered by its own HEP
What percentage economic growth does the SE Anatolia project predicted to provide SE?
12% for SE
What is the total area of the SE Anatolia project?
The project area covers 75,000 km2 (29,000 mi2) and 9 provinces in the Euphrates - Tigris basins and Upper Mesopotamia plains (Adiyaman, Batman, Diyarbakir, Gaziantep, Kilis, Mardin, Siirt, Sanliurfa and Sirnak).
What is the power capacity of the SE Anatolia project?
As of 2015 the total installed capacity of its power plants is 7490 MW and the ultimate production target of GAP plants is 27 billion kWh, which is equivalent to approximately 1.3 billion USD in monetary terms.
What are the fears of the Red-Dead Sea Conveyance Project?
Changing the sea level of the dead sea, the development of algae and increasing the salinity of water.
