2.3 Metals & Their Extractions

Question 1

Displacement Reaction

Answer 1

When a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound eg: Magnesium and Copper Sulfate - less reactive can’t push the other out

Question 2

Below Carbon on reactivity Series

Answer 2

Can be extracted by heating with carbon - reduction (oxygen removed) and anything above needs electrolysis

Question 3

Extracting Iron in a Blast Furnace

Answer 3

Iron Oxide + Carbon Monoxide ——> Iron + Carbon Dioxide

Question 4

Raw Materials

Answer 4

In the top of the blast furnace they put in iron ore, limestone and coke and at the bottom you put hot air

Question 5

Stage 1

Answer 5

Hot air reacts with Coke producing heat and carbon monoxide gas

Question 6

Stage 2

Answer 6

Carbon Monoxide reacts with Iron and Carbon Dioxide floats down and is taken out (turned into steel)
Fe2O3 + 3CO ——> 2Fe + 3CO2

Question 7

Stage 3

Answer 7

Limestone reacts with acidic impurities (sand and shingle) making Slag or Calcium Silicate (used in roads)
CaCO3 + SiO2 ——> CaSiO3

Question 8

Electrolysis

Answer 8

Splitting up a compound into its elements by addition of electricity
Aluminium Oxide 2Al2O3 ——> 4Al + 3O2
Copper Sulfate Cu + 2e ——> Cu

Question 9

PANCAKE

Answer 9

Posative anode, negative cathode

Question 10

Aluminium Oxide in Electrolysis

Answer 10

Al is a positive ion and will travel to the negative cathode, while oxygen is negative and will travel to the positive anode as opposites attract

Question 11

OARC

Answer 11

Oxidation at the anode, Reduction at the cathode

Question 12

OILRIG

Answer 12

Oxidation is loss of electrons, Reduction is gain of electrons

Question 13

Electrodes

Answer 13

They are made of graphite and it HOT Oxygen will react making Co2 and you have to replace the positive electrode a lot

Question 14

To save money people

Answer 14

Put Aluminium with Cryolite to reduce Al high melting point to save money

Question 15

Ore

Answer 15

Compound of metals mixed with impurities in the earth crust

Question 16

Redox Reaction

Answer 16

When reduction and oxidation happen at the same time - displacement

Question 17

Group 1

Answer 17

• compounds are colourless or white
• highly reactive
• form 1+ ions
• not a catalyst

Question 18

Transition Metals

Answer 18

• coloured
• very stable
• form ions with different charges eg: Copper (II) and Copper (III)
• good at catalysing

Question 19

Practical Mixing Cu, Mg and Zinc with Copper Sulfate

Answer 19

Mg = displaces both (most reactive)
Zinc = displaced copper
Copper = gets displaced (least reactive)