2.3 Living Processes In Multicellular Organisms

Question 1

State three characteristics of red blood cell.

Answer 1

-No nucleus
-Biconcave disc shape
-Contains haemoglobin to combine with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin

Question 2

State the function of red blood cell.

Answer 2

Optimise transportation of oxygen

Question 3

What is the function of muscle cell?

Answer 3

Contract and relax to generate movement

Question 4

State one characteristic of muscle cell.

Answer 4

Arranged as multinuclear striated fibres

Question 5

What is the function of white blood cell?

Answer 5

To destroy pathogens and protect the body against infections

Question 6

State one characteristic of white blood cell.

Answer 6

Can change shape

Question 7

What is the function of nerve cell?

Answer 7

To send nerve impulses

Question 8

State a characteristic of nerve cell.

Answer 8

Long and thin in shape

Question 9

State two characteristics of sperm cell.

Answer 9

-Has a long tail to enable it to swim towards the ovum in the Fallopian tube during fertilisation.
-The head carries a set of chromosomes from the male.

Question 10

Describe the structure of epithelial cell and state the function of epithelial cell.

Answer 10

-Thin and flat cells
-Coats the surface of organ such as the digestive tract

Question 11

State four characteristics of palisade mesophyll cell.

Answer 11

-Long cylindrical cells
-Arranged vertically
-Closed to each other
-Contains high chlorophyll density

Question 12

What is the function of palisade mesophyll cell?

Answer 12

Allows maximum absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis.

Question 13

State one characteristic of spongy mesophyll cell.

Answer 13

-Cells are loosely arranged with lots of air space in between

Question 14

What is the function of spongy mesophyll cell?

Answer 14

Large air space allows exchange of gas from the inside of the leaves to the palisade mesophyll cells

Question 15

What is the function of guard cell?

Answer 15

-Controls the opening and closing of the stoma. Stoma is the opening that allows the exchange of oxygen and
cardon dioxide.

Question 16

State three characteristics of guard cell.

Answer 16

-Has a thick inner cell wall and and a thin outer cell wall
-Has chloroplasts
-Located in the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf

Question 17

State the characteristics of root hair cell.

Answer 17

Root hair cell has long fine projection which adds surface area for absorption of water and mineral salts.

Question 18

What is the function of root hair cell?

Answer 18

To absorb water and mineral salts from the soil.

Question 19

State two characteristic of xylem vessel.

Answer 19

-Long, continuous, hollow tube
-Cell wall is thickened with lignin in various patterns

Question 20

What is the function of xylem vessel?

Answer 20

Transport water and mineral salts from the roots to the other parts of the plant.

Question 21

State a characteristic of sieve tube element.

Answer 21

Long cylindrical tubes arranged from end to end

Question 22

What is the function of sieve tube element?

Answer 22

-Transports organic materials from leaves to storage organs such as fruits