2.3 Living Processes In Multicellular Organisms Flashcards
State three characteristics of red blood cell.
-No nucleus
-Biconcave disc shape
-Contains haemoglobin to combine with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin
State the function of red blood cell.
Optimise transportation of oxygen
What is the function of muscle cell?
Contract and relax to generate movement
State one characteristic of muscle cell.
Arranged as multinuclear striated fibres
What is the function of white blood cell?
To destroy pathogens and protect the body against infections
State one characteristic of white blood cell.
Can change shape
What is the function of nerve cell?
To send nerve impulses
State a characteristic of nerve cell.
Long and thin in shape
State two characteristics of sperm cell.
-Has a long tail to enable it to swim towards the ovum in the Fallopian tube during fertilisation.
-The head carries a set of chromosomes from the male.
Describe the structure of epithelial cell and state the function of epithelial cell.
-Thin and flat cells
-Coats the surface of organ such as the digestive tract
State four characteristics of palisade mesophyll cell.
-Long cylindrical cells
-Arranged vertically
-Closed to each other
-Contains high chlorophyll density
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cell?
Allows maximum absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis.
State one characteristic of spongy mesophyll cell.
-Cells are loosely arranged with lots of air space in between
What is the function of spongy mesophyll cell?
Large air space allows exchange of gas from the inside of the leaves to the palisade mesophyll cells
What is the function of guard cell?
-Controls the opening and closing of the stoma. Stoma is the opening that allows the exchange of oxygen and
cardon dioxide.
State three characteristics of guard cell.
-Has a thick inner cell wall and and a thin outer cell wall
-Has chloroplasts
-Located in the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf
State the characteristics of root hair cell.
Root hair cell has long fine projection which adds surface area for absorption of water and mineral salts.
What is the function of root hair cell?
To absorb water and mineral salts from the soil.
State two characteristic of xylem vessel.
-Long, continuous, hollow tube
-Cell wall is thickened with lignin in various patterns
What is the function of xylem vessel?
Transport water and mineral salts from the roots to the other parts of the plant.
State a characteristic of sieve tube element.
Long cylindrical tubes arranged from end to end
What is the function of sieve tube element?
-Transports organic materials from leaves to storage organs such as fruits
