2.3 Energy & Waste Flashcards
The amount of energy in food is measured in Calories.
Calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 C.
Calorie
Releases the energy from the processed food.
Your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
Nutrients
5 Examples of Nutrients
Proteins, fats ,carbohydrates , vitamins and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
Digestion
The 4 steps of Digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
When you chew, mash and grind your food with your teeth and tongue
Mechanical Digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules
Chemical Digestion
when you put food, such as bread into your mouth.
Ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates
Saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves or muscle contractions
Peristalsis
a large, hollow organ that stores food.
Stomach
An adult stomach can hold about 2 liters of food and liquid
2 liters
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food
The folds on the inner walls
These cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break Proteins
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes acid
Gastric Juice
an enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids
Pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach. Its about 7 m (23 ft) long.
Small Intestine
finger like projections that cover the folds on the small intestine
Villi
Nutrients enter that cover the blood through the blood vessels in the digestive organ
Small intestine
Also known as the colon
Large intestine
is about 1.5 m 15 ft long. It has a larger diameter about 5 cm or 2 in than the small intestine
Large intestine
