2.3 Energy & Waste Flashcards
The amount of energy in food is measured in calories.
Calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C.
Calorie
Releases the energy from processed food.
Your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.
Nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
Digestion
The 4 steps of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.`
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue.
Mechanical digestion
break down peices of food into small molecules.
Chemical digestion
when you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.
Saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Esophagus
food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves and muscle contractions.
Peristalsis
a large, hollow organ that stores food.
Stomach
an adult stomach can hold about _______________ of food and liquid,
2 Liters.
enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.
The folds on the inner walls.
The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down ___________.
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic.
Gastric Juice.
an enzyme that helps break down the proteins in goofd into amino acids.
Pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach, it is for digesting and is Small, it is about 7 m (23ft) long.
Small intestin
fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine.
Vill
Nutrients enter the blood through this blood vessles in this digestive organ.
Small intestine
Also known as, the colon.
Large intestine.
Is about 1.5 meters long, it has a larger daminter then the small intestine.
Large intestine.
