2.3 - Energy & Waste Flashcards
When you put food into your mouth.
Ingestion
Where mechanical and chemical digestion begin.
Ingestion (mouth)
Teeth and tongue breakdown food into smaller pieces.
Mechanical Digestion
Makes saliva that breaks down food.
Salivary Glands
5 examples of nutrients.
Protein, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals
The amount of energy in food is measured in Calories.
Calorie
The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 C.
Calorie
Releases the energy from the processed food.
Your digestive system
The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.
Nutrients
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorbs and use.
Digestion
The 4 steps of digestion.
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
When you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue.
Mechanical Digestion
Breakdown pieces of food into small molecules.
Chemical Digestion
An enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.
Saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions.
Peristalsis
A large hollow organ that stores food.
Stomach
An adult stomach can hold about ________ of food and liquid.
2 Liters
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.
The Folds on the Inner Walls
The cells in these folds produce chemicals that breakdown __________.
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic.
Gastric Juice
An enzyme that helps breakdown the proteins in foods into amino acids.
Pepsin
A long tube that is connected to the stomach, it is about 7 m (23 ft) long.
Small Intestine
Finger-like projections that cover the folds of the small intestine.
Villi
