2.3 Energy & Waste Flashcards
When you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
INGESTION
Where mechanical and chemical digestion begin
INGESTION (MOUTH)
Teeth and tongue breakdown food into smaller pieces
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
Makes saliva that breaks down food
SALIVARY GLANDS
The amount of energy in food is measured in Calories
Calorie
The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 C
Calorie
Releases the energy from the processed food
Your digestive system
The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
Nutrients
5 Examples of Nutrients
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
Digestion
The 4 steps of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue.
Mechanical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules.
Chemical digestion
When you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
Ingestion
An enzyme, in your mouth, that helps breakdown carbohydrates
Saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
Peristalsis
A large, hollow organ that stores food
Stomach
An adult stomach can hold about —————— of food and liquid
2 Liter
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food
The folds on the inner walls
The cells in these fold produce chemicals that help break down ——————-
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
Gastric juice
An enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods in amino acids
Pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach. it is about 7 m (23 ft) long
Small intestine
