2.3 Energy & Waste Flashcards
when you put food into you mouth
Ingestion
where mechanical and chemical of digestion start
ingestion (Mouth)
Teeth and tongue break down food into smaller pieces
Mechanical Digestion
Makes saliva that breaks down food
Salivary glandes
5 examples of Nutrients
Proteins, fats carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals
The amount of energy in food is measured in calories.
Calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1C
Calorie
Releases the energy from the processed food
Your digestive system
the parts of food used by thr body to frown and survive
Nutrients
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
Digestion
The four steps of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue
Mechanical Digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules
Chemical Digestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates
Saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
Peristalsis
a large, hollow organ that stores food.
Stomach
An adult stomach can hold about _________ of food and liquid
2 liters
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food
the folds on the inner walls
The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down_________?
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes the stomach acids
Gastric Juices
An enzyme that helps break down proteins in foods into amino acids
Pepsin
A long tube that is connected to the stomach. it is about 7 m (23 ft) long
Small intestine
fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine
Villi
