2.3 Energy & Waste Flashcards
Your body’s telling you that it needs food
Hunger
The amount of energy in food is measured by
calories
The amount of energy it takes to raise 1KG of water by 1C
Calories
Releases the energy from the processed food
Your digestive system
the part of food used to grow and survive
Nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown
Digestion
The 4 steops of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorbtion, and elimination
when you chew mash and grind foor with your teeth and tongue
mechanical digestion
break down peices of food
chemical digestion
when you put food in your mouth
ingestion
an enzyme in your mouth that helps break down carbohydrates
saliva
a muscular tube that connects your mouth to your stomach
esophagus
food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
Peristalsis
a large hollow organ that stores food
stomach
An adult stomach can hold about ________ of food and liquid
2 liters
Enable the stomach toexpand and hold large amounts of food
the folds on the inner walls
The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down _________.
protiens
The stomach fluid that makes the stomach acidic
Gasric juice
an enzyme that helps break down protiens into amino acids
pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach. It is about 7 meters long.
Small intestine
fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the long intestine.
villi
Nutrients enter the blood threw blood vessels in this digestive organ
small intestine
also known as the colon
large intestine.
