2.3 - energy & atp

Question 1

which 5 aspects would require energy?

Answer 1

1- movement
2- growth
3- cell division
4- transmission of nerve impulses
5- generation of heat

Question 2

what are the 3 parts to ADP?

Answer 2

1- adenine
2- ribose
3- 3 phosphate joined

Question 3

how does ATP stores energy?

Answer 3

ATP is hydrolysed to ADP + Pi which releases energy since bonds between phosphate are unstable

Question 4

name the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP.

Answer 4

ATP hydrolase

Question 5

in which 3 ways is ATP synthesised?

Answer 5

1) photophosphorylation - photosynthesis
2) oxidative phosphorylation - aerobic respiration
3) substrate-level phosphorylation - donor molecules gives phosphate groups to ADP molecule

Question 6

why is ATP used rather than glucose? (4)

Answer 6

• immediate source of energy (not stored)
• rapidly reformed from ADP + Pi
• release energy in smaller & more manageable quantities; less energy lost as heat
• single reaction for ATP hydrolysis

Question 7

could ATP be stored?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

what are the 5 uses of ATP?

Answer 8

• metabolic processes
• movement (eg. muscle contraction)
• active transport
• nerve transmission (vesicles)
• activation of molecules (Pi attaches & lowers Ea and makes it more reactive in enzyme-catalysed reactions)