2.3 Energy and Waste

Question 1

The amount of energy in food is measured in Calories.

Answer 1

Calorie

Question 2

The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree C.

Answer 2

Calorie

Question 3

Releases energy from the processed food.

Answer 3

Digestive System

Question 4

The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive

Answer 4

Nutrients

Question 5

5 Examples of Nutrients

Answer 5

Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.

Question 6

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use

Answer 6

Digestion

Question 7

The 4 steps of digestion

Answer 7

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.

Question 8

When you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue.

Answer 8

Mechanical Digestion

Question 9

Break down pieces of food into small molecules

Answer 9

Chemical Digestion

Question 10

When you put food, such as bread, into your mouth

Answer 10

Ingestion

Question 11

An enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates

Answer 11

Saliva

Question 12

A tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

Answer 12

Esophagus

Question 13

Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions.

Answer 13

Peristalsis

Question 14

A large, hollow organ that stores food

Answer 14

Stomach

Question 15

An adult stomach can hold about _______ of food and liquid

Answer 15

2 liters

Question 16

Enables the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.

Answer 16

The fold on the inner walls

Question 17

The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down ______

Answer 17

Proteins

Question 18

The fluid that makes stomach acidic

Answer 18

Gastric juice

Question 19

An enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids.

Answer 19

Pepsin

Question 20

A long tube that is connected to the stomach (About 23 ft long)

Answer 20

Small Intestine

Question 21

Fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine

Answer 21

Villi

Question 22

Nutrients enter blood through blood vessels in the digestive organ

Answer 22

Small intestine

Question 23

Also known as the colin.

Answer 23

Large Intestine

Question 24

About 5ft long, has a larger diameter (about 5 cm.) then the small intestine

Answer 24

Large Intestine

Question 25

Where water is stored, leaving behind semisolid waste

Answer 25

Large Intestine

Question 26

The last opening, or exit door, of the digestive system

Answer 26

Anus

Question 27

The semisolid waste that is ready to leave the digestive system

Answer 27

Feces

Question 28

Removes liquid waste from the body.

Answer 28

Urinary System

Question 29

Beanshaped organs that remove waste from blood.

Answer 29

Kidneys

Question 30

Ureters from the kidneys deliver liquid waste to this organ that is like a water balloon

Answer 30

Bladder

Question 31

Liquid waste that leaves the body from a small tube that is connected to the bladder

Answer 31

Urethra