2.3- Energy and Waste Flashcards
The amount of energy in food.
Calorie.
The amount of energy it takes to raise the temp of 1 kg of water by 1 C.
Calorie.
Releases the energy from the processed food.
Your digestive system.
The parts of food used by the body to grow.
Nutrients.
5 examples of Nutrients.
Proteins, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
Digestion.
The 4 steps of digestion.
Ingestion, digestion,absorption and elimination.
When you chew, mash and grind food with your teeth and tongue.
Mechanical Digestion.
Break down pieces of food into small molecules.
Chemical Digestion.
When you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
Ingestion.
A enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.
Saliva.
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Esophagus.
Food moves through the esophagus and rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions.
Peristalsis.
A large, hollow organ that stores food.
Stomach
An adult stomach can hold about ___ amount of food
2 Liters.
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.
The folds on the inner walls.
The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down _____
Proteins.
This stomach fluid makes stomach acidic.
Gastric juice.
An enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids.
Pepsin.
A long tube that is connected to the stomach. It is about 7 m ( 23ft ) long.
Small Intestine.
Finger like projections that cover the folds of the small intestine.
Villi
Nutrients enter the blood through blood vessels in the digestive organ.
Small Intestine.
Also known as, the colon.
Large intestine.
It is about 1.5 m ( 5 ft ) long. It has a larger diameter than the small intestine.
Large intestine.
