2.3 energy and waste Flashcards
when you put food in your mouth
ingestion
where does chemical and mechanical digestion begin
mouth
the amount of energy in food measured in
calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature 1 kg of water by 1 c.
calorie
releases the energy from the processed food
your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
proteins fats carbohydrates vitamins and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
digestion
the steps of digestion
ingestion digestion absorption and elimination
when you chew/mash and grind food with your teeth
mechanical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules
chemical digestion
when you put food such as bread in your mouth
ingestion
an enzyme that helps break down food in your mouth
saliva
a muscular tube that connects to the stomach
esophagus
food move though the esophagus and the rest of the digestive track by waves of contractions
peristalasis
a large hollow organ that breaks up food
stomach
an adult stomach can hold about ————————– of food and liquid
2 liters
enables the stomach to expand and holds large amounts
the folds on the inner walls
the cells in these folds produce chemicals that breaks down
protiens
this stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
gastric juice
a enzyme that helps break down food and nutrients
pepsin
a long tube connected to the stomach
small intestine
finger like projections that cove the folds of the small intestine
villi
nutrients enter the blood through the blood vessels
small intestine
