2.3 energy and waste Flashcards
When you put food in your mouth
Ingestion
The amount of energy in food is measured in calories.
calorie
The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 C
Calorie
Releases the energy from the processed food
Your digestive system
The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.
Nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
digestion
The 4 steps of digestion
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue.
mechanical digestion
Break down pieces of food into small molecules
chemical digestion
when you put food, such as bread into your mouth
ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates
saliva
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
peristalsis
A large hollow organ that stores food
stomach
