2.3 Energy and Waste

Question 1

When you put the food into yo mouth.

Answer 1

Ingestion

Question 2

Where mechanical and chemical digestion begin.

Answer 2

Ingestion (Mouth)

Question 3

Teeth and tongue breakdown food to smaller pieces.

Answer 3

Mechanical Digestion

Question 4

Makes saliva that breaks down food.

Answer 4

Salivary Glands

Question 5

The amount of energy in food is measured in Calories.

Answer 5

Calorie

Question 6

The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C.

Answer 6

Calorie

Question 7

Releases the energy from the processed food.

Answer 7

Your digestive system

Question 8

The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.

Answer 8

Nutrients

Question 9

5 Examples of Nutrients

Answer 9

Proteins, Fats, Carbohydrates, Vitamins, and Minerals

Question 10

The Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.

Answer 10

Digestion

Question 11

The 4 Steps of Digestion

Answer 11

Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, and Elimination

Question 12

When you chew, mash,and grind food with your teeth and tongue.

Answer 12

Mechanical Digestion

Question 13

Break down pieces of food into small molecules.

Answer 13

Chemical Digestion

Question 14

When you put the food, such as bread, into yo mouth.

Answer 14

Ingestion

Question 15

An enzyme, in yo mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.

Answer 15

Saliva

Question 16

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

Answer 16

Esophagus

Question 17

Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions.

Answer 17

Peristalsis

Question 18

A large, hollow organ that stores food.

Answer 18

Stomach

Question 19

An adult stomach can hold about ______ of food and liquid.

Answer 19

2 Liters

Question 20

Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.

Answer 20

The folds on the inner walls

Question 21

The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down ______.

Answer 21

Proteins

Question 22

This stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic.

Answer 22

Gastric Juice

Question 23

An enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids.

Answer 23

Pepsin

Question 24

A long tube that is connected to the stomach. It it about 7 m (23 ft) long.

Answer 24

Small Intestine

Question 25

Fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine.

Answer 25

Villi

Question 26

Nutrients enter the blood through blood vessels in this digestive organ.

Answer 26

Small Intestine

Question 27

Also known as, the colon.

Answer 27

Large Intestine

Question 28

Is about 1.5 m (5 ft) long. It has a larger diameter (about 5 m or 2 in) than the small intestine.

Answer 28

Large Intestine

Question 29

Where water is absorbed, leaving behind semisolid waste.

Answer 29

Large Intestine

Question 30

The last section of the large intestine, about 8 inches long.

Answer 30

Rectum

Question 31

The final opening or “exit door” of the digestive system.

Answer 31

Anus

Question 32

The semisolid waste that is ready to leave the digestive system.

Answer 32

Feces

Question 33

Removes liquid waste from the body.

Answer 33

Urinary System

Question 34

Beanshaped organs that filter, or remove, waste from blood.

Answer 34

Kidneys

Question 35

Ureters from the kidneys deliver liquid waste to this organ.

Answer 35

Bladder

Question 36

Liquid waste leaves the body from this small tube.

Answer 36

Urethra