2.3 energy and waste Flashcards
when u put the food into your mouth
ingestion
where mechanical and chemical digestion begins
ingestion (mouth)
teeth and tongue breakdown food into smaller pieces
mechanical digestion
the amount of energy in food is measured
calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temprtature of 1 kg of water by 1 C
calorie
releases the energy from the processed food
your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
protiens, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
digestion
the 4 steps of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue
mechanical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules
chemical digestion
when you put food such as bread in your mouth
ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates
saliva
a muscular tube that connets the mouth to the stomach
esophagus
food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
peristalsis
a latge hallow organ that stores food
stomach
an adult stomach can hold about 2 liters of food
2 liters
enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food
the folds on the inner walls
the cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down protiens
protiens
this stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
gastric juice
an ezmyne that helps break down the protiens in foods into amino acids
pepsin
a long tube that is conected to the stomach it is about 7 m 23ft long
small intestine
fingerlike protiens that cover the folds of the small intestine
villi
