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Anatomy > 2.3 ANATOMY - Thorax > Flashcards

2.3 ANATOMY - Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

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2
Q

The xiphoid process is cartilaginous at birth and becomes bony by age ____

A

40

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3
Q

The bony thorax is made up of three parts

A

Sternum
Ribs
Thoracic vertebrae

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4
Q

The sternal angle of Louie corresponds to what vertebral level

A

T4

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5
Q

The sternal angle is an important landmark because of the following characteristics (4)

A
  1. Horizontal plane intersecting sternal angle and disk between T4 and T5 vertebrae
  2. Trachea bifurcates into R and L primary bronchi
  3. Arch of the aorta arises from the ascending aorta and continues as the descending aorta
  4. Azygous vein drains into the SVC
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6
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

24 (12 pairs)

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7
Q

True ribs

A

1-7

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8
Q

False ribs (true false and floating)

A

True false -8-10

Floating - 11-12

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9
Q

Typical ribs

A

3-9

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10
Q

Atypical ribs

A

1, 2, 10, 11, 12

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11
Q

Parts of a typical rib

A

Head
Neck
Shaft
Tubercle

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12
Q

The head of a typical rib has 2 facets articulating with

A

Numerically corresponding vertebral body and the one above

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13
Q

The costal groove is located where?

A

Inferior border to protect the IC nerve

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14
Q

Broadest and most curved rib

A

Rib 1

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15
Q

Rib with tuberosity for serratus anterior

A

Rib 2

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16
Q

Rib that articulates with T10 vertebra only

A

Rib 10

17
Q

Ribs with no neck or tubercle

A

Rib 11-12

18
Q

Rib with promonent scalene tubercle for attachment of scalenus anterior muscle

A

Rib 1

19
Q

Rarely fractured rib

A

Rib 1

20
Q

Most commonly fractured ribs

A

7-10

21
Q

Weakest point of a rib

A

Anterior to the angle of the rib

22
Q

The costal margins are formed by the medial ends of the _____ costal cartilages

A

7-10

23
Q

Where the thoracic cavity communicates with the root of the neck

A

Thoracic outlet

24
Q

Boundaries of the thoracic outlet

A

T1
Medial border of first rib
Manubrium sterni

25
Q

Rib fractures may cause which dreaded complication?

A

T12
Rib 11 and 12
Costal margin
Xiphisternal joint

26
Q

Costal cartilage 1 articulates with the sternum at what type of joint

A

Primary cartilaginous

27
Q

Costal cartilage 2-7 articulates at the sternum by which type of joint?

A

Synovial joints

28
Q

Muscles that depress the ribs

A

Serratus post inf
Int intercostal
Transv thoracis

29
Q

The mediastinum is divided into superior and inferior divisions by an imaginary plane passing from

A

Sternal angle of louis anteriorly

Lower border of t4 posteriorly

30
Q

The inferior mediastinum is divided into

A

Anterior
Middle
Posterior

31
Q

Layers of the pericardium

A

Fibrous

Serous (parietal and visceral)

32
Q

Amount of pericardial fluid

A

30ml

33
Q

Layers entered by the needle must traverse in order to reach the accumulating blood in pericardiocentesis

A 
Skin
Fascia
Rectus sheath
Rectus abdominis
Fibrous layer
Serous layer of parietal pericardium
34
Q

Normal weight of the heart in males and females

A

280 - 340 gms males

230 - 280 gms females

35
Q

3 surfaces of the heart

A

Sternocostal
Diaphragmatic
Pulmonary

36
Q

Heart chamber in sternocostal surface

A

Right ventricle

37
Q

Chamber in the Diaphragmatic surface

A

Both ventricles mainly LV

38
Q

Chamber of the heart in the pulmonary surface

A

Left ventricle

Anatomy (4 decks)

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