23/5/2014 approach

Question 1

cause of baliant syndrome

Answer 1

b/l dorsal parietal lesions

Question 2

causes of bilateral dorsoparietal lesions

Answer 2

watershed infarcts btw posterior and middle cerebral arteries
hypoglycemia
sagittal sinus thrombosis

Question 3

difference between visual object agnosia and anomia

Answer 3

in visual object agnosia the patient can either name the object nor describe its use

Question 4

types of prosapagnosias

Answer 4

apperceptive

associative

Question 5

associated lesions with prosapagnosias

Answer 5

superior quadrantanopias

achromatopsia

Question 6

localisation of object agnosia and prosapagnosia

Answer 6

object agnosia-left

prosapagnosia-right

Question 7

In amnesic states which component predominates?

anterograde or retrograde?

Answer 7

anterograde

Question 8

conditions in which retrograde amnesia predominates

Answer 8

temporal lobe epilepsy

benzodiazepine intake

Question 9

lesion in frontal abulic syndrome

Answer 9

dorsal prefrontal cortex

Question 10

lesion in frontal disinhibition syndrome

Answer 10

ventral prefrontal cortex

Question 11

Anatomic substrate of semantic dementia

Answer 11

b/l anterior temporal dysfunction

Question 12

causes of rapid onset of REM sleep(<30 min)

Answer 12

endogenous depression
narcolepsy
circadian rhythm disorders
drug withdrawal

Question 13

BZD receptor agonist that remains effective after 6 months of nightly use

Answer 13

eszopiclone

Question 14

cause of fatal familial insomnia

Answer 14

lesions in anterior and dorsomedial nuclei of thalamus

Question 15

objective test to quantify daytime sleepiness

Answer 15

multiple sleep latency test

Question 16

Sleep latency should be less than _________ in narcolepsy

Answer 16

8 min

Question 17

drug of choice for narcolepsy

Answer 17

modafinil

Question 18

parasomnias that occur in REM sleep

Answer 18

REM behaviour disorder

nightmare disorder

Question 19

somnambulism arises from which stage of sleep?

Answer 19

NREM stage 3

Question 20

age after which nocturnal enuresis should be considered abnormal

Answer 20

6 yrs

Question 21

causes of secondary enuresis

Answer 21

emotional disturbance
UTI/malformations
cauda equina lesions
epilepsy
sleep apnea

Question 22

jactatio capitis nocturna

Answer 22

nocturnal head banging