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Chemistry > 2.3-2.6 Unit Summative > Flashcards

2.3-2.6 Unit Summative Flashcards

1
Q

define periodicity

A

a cycle or pattern that repeats itself

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2
Q

how is the periodic table arranged

A

according to increasing atomic numbers
properties change gradually moving across

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3
Q

what are the rows on the periodic table

A

periods

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4
Q

how many periods are there on the periodic table

A

7

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5
Q

what do period numbers tell?

A

the number of occupied energy levels

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6
Q

what are the columns on the periodic table?

A

groups/families

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7
Q

why are the columns called groups on the periodic table?

A

the elements in a group share similar properties (elements in the same group have the same number of valence e-)

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8
Q

where are metals located on the periodic table

A

to the left of the “staircase” except for H

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9
Q

where are nonmetals located on the periodic table

A

to the right of the “staircase”

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10
Q

where are metalloids located on the periodic table

A

touch the “staircase” except for Al

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11
Q

what is group 1 (IA) on periodic table

A

alkali metals

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12
Q

what are alkali metals

A

most reactive metals, can react with air and water
alkali means basic

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13
Q

example of alkali metal

A

sodium + water –> hydrogen + sodium hydroxide

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14
Q

what is group 2 (IIA) on periodic table

A

alkaline earth metals

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15
Q

which is more reactive: alkali or alkaline

A

alkali

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16
Q

what is group 17 (VIIA) on periodic table

A

halogens

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17
Q

what are halogens

A

most reactive nonmetals
halogen means salt former

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18
Q

whats the most “reactive element” - halogen

A

fluorine

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19
Q

what is group 18 (VIIIA) on periodic table

A

noble gases

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20
Q

what are noble gases

A

unreactive (inert) - no compunds form naturally

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21
Q

where are the transition metals on the periodic table

A

in the the middle (groups 3-12)

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22
Q

what are the representative elements (main group elements) on the periodic table

A

IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA, VIIIA - A groups
tells you the number of valence electrons

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23
Q

where are the inner transition metals located (lanthanide and actinide series)

A

bottom 2 series of elements

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24
Q

metal qualities:

A
  • very “loose” with electrons
  • lustrous (shiny, reflects light
  • ductile (forms a wire)
  • malleable (press into a sheet)
  • conductors of heat/electricity due to free floating charged particles
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25
Q

nonmetal qualities:

A
  • hold tightly to electrons
  • surface is dull
  • brittle
  • insulators of heat/electricity
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26
Q

what happens to metals during chemical reactions

A

oxidation: metals lose electron(s) - valence
forms positively charged ions - cations

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27
Q

what happens to nonmetals during chemical reactions

A

reduction: nonmetals gain electron(s)
forms negatively charged ions - anions

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28
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 4A, period 5

A

Sn

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29
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 2, period 2

A

Be

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30
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 6A, period 6

A

Po

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31
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 18, period 1

A

He

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32
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 2, period 4

A

Ca

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33
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 1, period 7

A

Fr

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34
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 4A, period 2

35
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 6A, period 3

36
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 7A, period 5

37
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 5A, period 4

38
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 1A, period 6

39
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 3A, period 3

40
Q

tell which element is located in the following groups and periods: group 5A, period 6

41
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
poor conductor of electricity

42
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
usually a solid at room temp

43
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
ductile

44
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
chlorine

45
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
semiconductor

46
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
silicon

47
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
malleable

48
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
usually a gas at room temp

49
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
cobalt

50
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
good conductor of heat

51
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
brittle

52
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
oxygen

53
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
loses electrons easily

54
Q

pick one: metal/nonmetal/metalloid
tightly attracts electrons

55
Q

what are the types of compunds

A

ionic, molecular, acids

56
Q

what are ionic compunds

A

begin with a metal ion or ammonium (NH4+)

57
Q

what are molecular/covalent compounds

A

only nonmetals in the formula

58
Q

what are acids

A

a special kind of molecular compounds; in aqueous solution will produce looks like: HX

59
Q

what are the two main exceptions that are not acids

A

water and hydrogen peroxide

60
Q

write a word equation for CuNO3 + NH4OH

A

copper (II) nitrate (aq) + ammonium hydroxide (aq) –> copper (II) hydroxide (s) + ammonium nitrate (aq)

61
Q

write a chemical equation for copper (II) nitrate (aq) + ammonium hydroxide (aq) –> copper (II) hydroxide (s) + ammonium nitrate (aq)

A

Cu (NO3)2 (aq) + NH4OH (aq) –> Cu (OH)2 (s) + NH4NO3 (aq)

62
Q

write a complete ionic equation for Cu (NO3)2 (aq) + NH4OH (aq) –> Cu (OH)2 (s) + NH4NO3 (aq)

A

Cu+2 (aq) + NO3- (aq) + NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) –> Cu(OH)2 (s) + NH4+ (aq) + NO3- (aq)

63
Q

write a net ionic equation for Cu+2 (aq) + NO3- (aq) + NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) –> Cu(OH)2 (s) + NH4+ (aq) + NO3- (aq)

A

Cu+2 (aq) + OH- (aq) –> Cu(OH)2 (s)

64
Q

how to name molecular compounds

A
  • use Greek prefixes to indicate number of each atom (“mono” used only for second element, as it’s understood for the first)
  • all binary compounds (both ionic + molecular) end with “ide”
65
Q

greek prefix for one

66
Q

greek prefix for two

67
Q

greek prefix for three

68
Q

greek prefix for four

69
Q

greek prefix for five

70
Q

greek prefix for six

71
Q

greek prefix for seven

72
Q

greek prefix for eight

73
Q

greek prefix for nine

74
Q

greek prefix for ten

75
Q

name F2O

A

diflourine monoxide

76
Q

name P2Cl3

A

diphosphorous trichloride

77
Q

name SeI4

A

selenium tetraiodide

78
Q

name dicarbon hexafluoride

79
Q

name xenon pentaiodide

80
Q

name nitrogen monoxide

81
Q

what are the three solubility rules to identify the precipitate

A
  1. group I cations and NH4 (ammonium) compounds never ppt
  2. nitrates (NO3- anion) never ppt
  3. once a ppt - always a ppt
82
Q

what is a precipitate

A

insoluble product that remains following a reaction

Chemistry (3 decks)

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