2.2.3 Additional programming techniques Flashcards
What is File Handling?
File Handling is a way of storing information
What is the code to open a file?
file = open (“document.txt” , “w”)
file - keyword, assign to operation
open - reserve word to open a document
document - document name
w - operation
What does w, a and r mean?
w - write
a - append
r - read
What is the code so it will write your name and age into the file?
file.write (name)
file.write (age)
What is the code to close the document?
file.close()
What can you not write into a text file?
int
Ask 10 students to enter their preferred meal for parents evening
for i in range (10):
name = str(input(“What is your name?”))
meal = str(input(“Do you want rice, chicken, pasta or meatballs?”))
file = open(“meal.txt” , “a”)
file.write (name + “,”)
file.write (meal)
file.write (“\n”)
file.close ()
What does file.write (“\n”) mean?
It means new line and you have to apply it to the end
What is an array?
- A set of values that are all stored under one identifier (name)
- eg. values = [10,15,30,40,42,35]
0 1 2 3 4 5
What does index mean?
The position where values sit in the array (0 index array)
What is an example of an array?
Values = [10,15,30,40,42,35]
print (values[0]) = 10
print(values[3]) = 40
print(values[0:3]) = 10,15,30,40
How do you print all the numbers in an array?
for i in value:
print(i)
or:
for i in range (len(value)):
print(value[i])
What is Libraries/Modules?
Built in function that can be controlled to do a task
How do you do a random generator?
import random (need to import random)
rdn =random.randint(1,10) -> between the 2 values
can call ‘rdn’ whatever you want
randint = random integer
What is a subroutine?
A small block of code that is part of a big code and can be called to perform a task
What is a function?
A subroutine that will perform a value back to the program
What is a procedure?
A subroutine that will not return a value back to the program
What is a parameter?
Value being passed into a subroutine
How do you code a function?
Function(def) add(num1,num2):
ans = num1+num2
return(ans)
output = add(15,6)
print(output)
How do you code an area of a rectangle as a function?
Function area_rec (length,width):
area=(leangth*width)
return(area)
output=area_rec(5,6)
print(output)
How do you code a procedure?
Procedure(def) add(num1,num2):
ans=num1+num2
print(ans)
What is an SQL?
- Structured Query Language
- Used with databases - > question and return answers from a database
What is Field?
- A single piece data to be collected in a database
What is Record?
- A collection of fields
What is a Table?
- A collection of records (name)
What is Select?
- Select the field that you want to return
What is From?
- The name of the Table
What is Where?
- The condition that you are looking for
How do you do a SQL where you return the title and id of a movie which is under 100 minutes long?
Select title, Id
from movie
where length_minutes>100
What is a wildcard?
- Shortcut to return data in a database
What are the 2 wildcards?
- *
- Like “%”
What is (*)?
- Return every field in the database
What are some examples of (*)?
Select *
from movies
where year == 1995
Select *
from movies
where year >2000 and length_minutes<100
What is Like “%”?
- Allows you to return content of a field -> only used in the where condition
What are some examples of Like “%”?
select director
from movies
where director like “B%”
select title
from movies
where title like “%e”
select title
from movies
where title like “%i%”
