2.2 Organisation and Management Flashcards
Organisational structure
Levels of management and division of responsibilities within an organisation
Presented in chart form with levels of hierarchy
Span of control
Factor of organisational charts
Number of subordinates working directly under a single manager
Search up short vs wide span of control in organisational charts
Tall vs Short organisational structure and features of both
First search up Tall vs Short organisational structure
Tall structure:
Tight control over subordinates
Less freedom for subordinates
Less rooms for mistakes
More favoured in communities
Communication is slower and less accurate
Less trusted workers
Less job satisfaction
Short structure:
Less supervision
More delegation for subordinates
Job enrichment
Less direct control over subordinates
Fast communication
More trusted workers
Job satisfaction
Organisational chart
What does it feature
Advantages?
Diagram that outlines the internal management structure
Has:
Hierarchy
Departments
Chain of command
Advantages:
Clearly shows links between people
Communication channels
Peoples position in the organisation
Making and taking orders
Accountability
Sense of belonging
Levels of hierarchy
Managers/supervisors/employees who are given similar levels of responsibility in an organisation
Chain of command
Factor of organisational charts
Allows instructions to be passed down from senior management to lower levels by seeing how many levels of hierarchy there are
Search up short vs long chain of command in organisational charts
Subordinate
Person under another’s authority/control in an organisation
POCCC abrieviation: roles of a management
And what do they each mean as roles
Planning: Setting aims/targets to give organisation sense and purpose
Organising: Managers organising people carefully to give diff tasks, can be done w organisational chart
Coordinating: Bringing people in workplace together, make sure departments contact each other to communicate plans, done by having meetings, teams, etc.
Commanding: Guiding people rather than telling them what to do, make sure they are keeping to the targets, instructions given to workers
Controlling: Measuring/evaluating work of workers and taking action when keeping workers in line is needed
What will happen without clear/effective management?
Less control and direction
Less coordination between departments
Less control over workers
Less organisation leading to lower output and sales
Delegation
Advantages of it for manager
Advantages of it for subordinate
Giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks
Increased trust in workers
Reduction in direct control once tasks are done by workers
Adv managers:
Split out jobs so they have more time to themselves
Less mistakes is tasks split
Measures success of staff more easily, how well they perform in tasks delegated to them
Adv workers:
Work is more interesting/rewarding
Feel important and trusted
Trains them to make progress in organisation
More opportunities
Why might managers not want to delegate?
Afraid subordinates will fail
Might do even better job than manager which is bad for their status and might make them feel insecure
Leadership style
Different approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in a position of authority
Types:
Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez faire
Autocratic leadership w disadv and adv
Managers expect to be in charge on business and have order followed
Adv: Quick decision making
Disadv: No opportunity for employees input
Laissez-faire Leadership w disadvs and advs
Broad objectives known to employees, but left to make their own decisions at work
Adv: Good for creativity and responsibility
Disadv: Not appropriate for jobs where clear structure in needed
Democratic Leadership w disadvs and advs
Gets other employees involved in decision making
Adv: Better decisions from everyone’s input
Motivating if they feel listened to and consulted
Disadv: Unpopular decisions that may be needed cannot be made with this leadership
Trade unions
Group of employees who have joined together to ensure their interests are protected
Adv and disadv of joining a trade union
Adv
Strength in numbers with negotiating with employers
Improved conditions of employment
Improved environment
Advice when member thinks they have been unfairly dismissed
Meet w government to influence policies to benefit workers
Disadv
Costs money to be member
May need to take action about a issue announced even when they don’t agree personally
Adv and disadv of trade unions on employers
Adv
Improves communication
Wage agreements will be easier to negociate
Disadv
Might organise strikes
Wages may be higher if there are many union members
