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CAA Module 2 > 2.2 Mechanics > Flashcards

2.2 Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is newtons first law

A

Body will remain at rest or continue to move unless acted upon by a force

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2
Q

What is force

A

vector quantity
has magnitude and direction

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3
Q

What is moment

A

Turning effect produced by a force acting at a distance

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4
Q

What is opposing moments

A

Total moments that act against each other and are applied at points separated by a distance

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5
Q

What is a couple

A

Pair of forces that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

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6
Q

What is scalar quantities

A

Have magnitude but no direction

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7
Q

What is vector quantities

A

Have both magnitude and direction

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8
Q

What is Centre Of Gravity

A

Imaginary point where all weight of object is said to act

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9
Q

Five basic structural stresses

A

Tension
Compression
Shear
Bending
Torsion

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10
Q

What is strain

A

Deformation of material due to stress

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11
Q

What is elasticity

A

Ability of material to return to its original shape after external force has been removed

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12
Q

What is tension

A

Stress being applied which tends to increase the length of body

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13
Q

What is hooke’s law

A

Extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied to it

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14
Q

Young’s Modulus

A

Stress/Strain

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15
Q

What is compression

A

Force applied which tends to shorten or squeeze a body

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16
Q

What is shear

A

Tries to slice a bod apart by sliding one later over another

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17
Q

What is torsion

A

When material is twisted
Combination of tension and compression

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18
Q

What is hardness

A

Tendency to resist indentation

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19
Q

What is strength

A

Withstand applied force without failure

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20
Q

What is toughness

A

Tendency to resist breakage when deforming or when impact forces are applied

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21
Q

What is brittleness

A

Tendency to break without change of shape

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22
Q

What is elasticity

A

Return to original shape when external force is removed

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23
Q

What is Malleability

A

Tendency to undergo compressive stress without damage

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24
Q

What is ductility

A

Tendency to undergo tensile stress without damage

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25
Q

What is inert

A

Substance that will not chemically combine with another substance

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26
Q

What is atmospheric pressure

A

Force exerted by weight of the atmosphere

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27
Q

Average atmospheric pressure at sea level

A

14.7 PSI

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28
Q

What is absolute pressure

A

Pressure of having nothing inside a space (perfect vacuum)

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29
Q

What is motion

A

Continuing change of position

30
Q

What is velocity

A

Change in displacement over time

31
Q

What is acceleration

A

Change in velocity over time

32
Q

When is acceleration constant

A

When acceleration is caused by earths gravitational attraction

33
Q

Atmoic number of certain elements

A

aluminium 13
copper 29
titanium 22
oxygen 8
nitrogen 7
carbon 6

34
Q

What is centrifugal force

A

Force pushing away from the centre of the curve

35
Q

What is centripetal force

A

Force accelerating towards the centre of rotation (pulling inwards)

36
Q

What is damping

A

Decrease of vibrations as a result of removing energy through resistance of motion

37
Q

What is pendular movement

A

Movement the pendulum will undergo if it is given a small displacement from its vertical position

38
Q

What is vibration

A

Mechanical oscillations about an equilibrium point

39
Q

What is free vibration

A

Set off with initial input and allowed to vibrate freely (Pulling child back on swing)

40
Q

What is forced vibration

A

Occurs when a continuous force or motion is applied to a mechanical system

41
Q

What is velocity ratio

A

How far the effort has to move in relation to the load

42
Q

What is mechanical advantage

A

Ratio of the force produced by the machine to the force applied

43
Q

What is actual mechanical advantage

A

Ratio of the output and input force

44
Q

What is ideal mechanical advantage

A

Would exist if there is no friction

45
Q

What is a lever

A

Rigid bar capable of turning about a fixed axis called fulcrum

46
Q

What is a first class lever

A

Fulcrum located between effort and resistance example crowbar

47
Q

What is a second class lever

A

Fulcrum at one end effort applied to opposite end example wheelbarrow

48
Q

What is a third class lever

A

Effort applied is located between the fulcrum and the resistance example landing gear

49
Q

What is a spur gear

A

Straight cut teeth through circumference and are used to connect two parallel shafts

50
Q

What is a bevel gear

A

Transmit power between two shafts at an angle for each other

51
Q

Pascals

52
Q

Hectopascals

53
Q

when is worm gear used

A

Used when a large reduction in speed is needed and for correspondingly high torque multiplication

54
Q

SUVAT

A

S= Displacement m
U= Initial Velocity m/s
V= Final velocity m/s
A= Acceleration m/s2
T= Time s

55
Q

What is sun and planet gears

A

Large amount of speed reduction and torque needed

56
Q

What is mass

A

Amount of matter in a body regardless of its volume or position

57
Q

What is weight

A

Gravitational force of attraction between mass of earth and mass of body

58
Q

What is work

A

Force causing movement

59
Q

What is power

A

Measure of the rate at which work is done

60
Q

What is potential energy

A

Energy a body has due to its position

61
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

Energy body has due to its motion

62
Q

What is momentum

A

Vector quantity that describes mass in motion

63
Q

What is a gyroscope

A

spinning mass which possesses the properties of rigidity and precession

64
Q

What is friction

A

Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of materials rubbing against each other

65
Q

What friction is greatest

A

Starting friction

66
Q

What friction is smallest

A

Rolling friction

67
Q

How do you convert kg/m3 to g/cm3

A

Divide by 1000

68
Q

How do you convert g/cm3 to kg/cm3

A

Multiply by 1000

69
Q

What is viscosity

A

Resistance of a fluid to a change in shape

70
Q

What is static pressure

A

Exists in addition to any dynamic factors that may also be present at the same time

71
Q

What is dynamic pressure

A

Pressure that emerges from velocity to the fluid in motion

CAA Module 2 (3 decks)

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