2.2 Human Anatomy

Question 1

Acidosis

Answer 1

Blood pH falls below 7.35

Question 2

Alkalosis

Answer 2

Blood pH has risen above 7.45

Question 3

Anabolism

Answer 3

Body converts simple compounds to complex substances

Question 4

Anatomy

Answer 4

Structural composition of the body

Question 5

Avascular

Answer 5

No blood or lymph vessels

Question 6

Catabolism

Answer 6

Complex substance break down to simple compounds

Question 7

Endocrine Glands

Answer 7

ductless glands that secrete hormones

Question 8

Exocrine Glands

Answer 8

Secrete substances through a duct

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

State of equilibrium

Question 10

Meninges

Answer 10

Connective tissue enclosing the brain and spinal cord

Question 11

Metabolism

Answer 11

Sun of physical and chemical reactions sustaining life

Question 12

Physiology

Answer 12

Study of the structural composition of the body

Question 13

Surfactant

Answer 13

Fluid coating the alveoli lowering the surface tension to prevent its collapse

Question 14

Anatomical Position

Answer 14

T-Pose with Y arms

Question 15

What are the other two body positions?

Answer 15

Supine and Prone

Question 16

How is the body divided with the frontal plane?

Answer 16

Front and back portions

Question 17

How is the body divided with the midsagittal plane?

Answer 17

Equal left and right portions

Question 18

How is the body divided with the Sagittal plane?

Answer 18

Right and left portions

Question 19

How is the body divided with the Transverse plane?

Answer 19

Upper and lower portions
(horizontal)

Question 20

What makes up the Dorsal cavity?

Answer 20

Cranial and Spinal cavity

Question 21

What makes the Ventral cavity?

Answer 21

Thoracic - heart and lungs
Abdominal - stomach
Pelvic - urinary/reproductice
Superior - Above head
Inferior - Beneath head

Question 22

Describe Microvilli and its function

Answer 22

Small projections on the membrane
Increases surface area

Question 23

Describe Chromosomes and its function

Answer 23

23 identical pairs
Governs all activity & production

Question 24

Describe Centrioles and its function

Answer 24

Rod shaped bodies near nucleus
Assists chromosome in separating during division

Question 25

Describe Lysosome and its function

Answer 25

Sacs of digestive enzymes
Digests substances

Question 26

Describe Peroxisomes and its function

Answer 26

Organelles that contain enzymes
Destroys harmful substances

Question 27

What are the four types of tissue?

Answer 27

Connective
Muscle
Epithelial
Nerve

Question 28

Integumentary System

Answer 28

Skin
Regulates body temperature
Manufactures Vitamin D

Question 29

Which is the outermost and thinnest layer of skin?

Answer 29

Epidermis

Question 30

What is the true, or inner layer of skin?

Answer 30

Dermis

Question 31

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 31

Fatty tissue connecting skin to surface muscles

Question 32

Muscular system

Answer 32

responsible for movement
helps maintain body posture

Question 33

What are the three types of muscles in the body?

Answer 33

Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth

Question 34

Skeletal System

Answer 34

Provides shape and support
Stores calcium

Question 35

What are the four bone shapes?

Answer 35

flat
Irregular
long
short

Question 36

Fluid that flows between joints

Answer 36

Synovial fluid

Question 37

What are the two main divisions in the nervous system?

Answer 37

Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 38

In the PNS what are the two main types?

Answer 38

Motor efferent
Sensory afferent

Question 39

What is the pituitary gland responsible for?

Answer 39

Secretes hormones that stimulates other glands

Question 40

What does the pancreas’s produce?

Answer 40

Insulin/glucagon
Amylase/lipase/trypsin

Question 41

Female reproductive organs

Answer 41

Ovaries
Fallopian Tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Vulva

Question 42

Respiratory System

Answer 42

Delivers oxygen
Exchanges between oxygen and CO2