2.2 Genetic Material: DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

Question 1

contains chromosomes that are visible under the microscope as dark-staining, rod-like or rounded bodies.

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

occur in pairs in the body cells.

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal

Answer 3

Chromosomes

Question 4

the number of chromosomes in swine

Answer 4

pairs: 19
total: 38

Question 5

the number of chromosomes of goats and bovine

Answer 5

pairs: 30
total: 60

Question 6

the number of chromosomes of dogs and chickens.

Answer 6

pairs: 39
total: 78

Question 7

the number of chromosomes of ovine

Answer 7

pairs: 27
total: 54

Question 8

the number of chromosomes of horse.

Answer 8

pairs: 32
total: 64

Question 9

number of chromosomes of donkey

Answer 9

pairs: 31
total: 62

Question 10

number of pairs of rabbit

Answer 10

pairs: 22
total: 44

Question 11

unique structure of chromosomes keep DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins.

Answer 11

histones

Question 12

huge molecules that hold information

Answer 12

nucleic acid

Question 13

the nucleuc acid that holds all the genetic information for organisms

Answer 13

DNA

Question 14

a complex molecule composed of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four bases.

Answer 14

DNA

Question 15

made up of tightly-coiled strands of DNA

Answer 15

chromosomes

Question 16

it is made up of two chromatids and a centromere

Answer 16

Chromosomes

Question 17

constricted region of linear chromosomes.

Answer 17

centromere

Question 18

it help to keep chromosomes properly aligned during the complex process of cell division.

Answer 18

centromeres

Question 19

a permanent well-defined region of the chromosomes

Answer 19

centromere

Question 20

repetitive stretches of DNA located at the ends of linear chromosomes.

Answer 20

telomeres

Question 21

when all of the telomere is gone, what will happen?

Answer 21

the cell cannot replicate and dies.

Question 22

it also play a role in cancer.

Answer 22

telomeres

Question 23

it is made up of a functional sequence of nucleotides which codes for specific proteins.

Answer 23

gene

Question 24

found in the nucleus of the cell.

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

coiled into a compact structure called chromosomes.

Answer 25

DNA

Question 26

four basic building blocks

Answer 26

a. Adenine (A)
b. Thymine (T)
c. Guanine (G)
d. Cytosine (C)

Question 27

when the four bases bond together in a long chain they form a

Answer 27

double helix (ladder)

Question 28

one of a pair of genes that appear at a particular location on a particular chromosomes and control the same characteristics, such as blood type or color blindness.

Answer 28

allele

Question 29

allele that controls what will happen or which trait is exhibited.

Answer 29

Dominant allele

Question 30

allele that is “overruled” and this trais or function will not be seen because of the dominant allele

Answer 30

Recessive allele

Question 31

an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of it’s genes.

Answer 31

Genome

Question 32

contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism.

Answer 32

Genome

Question 33

the arrangement that provides a picture of a complete set of chromosomes.

Answer 33

Karyotype

Question 34

shows the differences in size and banding pattern of chromosomes

Answer 34

Karyotype

Question 35

useful in determining the chromosome number of each species

Answer 35

Karyotype