2.2: Free will and determinism Flashcards
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks)
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual's behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual's will to do something. Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour. There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic. Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour. Soft determinism
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual's behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual's will to do something. Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour. There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic. Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour. Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach. Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do. James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions. Biological determinism
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual's behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual's will to do something. Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour. There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic. Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour. Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach. Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do. James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions. Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control. The biological approach
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour.
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions.
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control.
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety.
Modern biopsychologists
Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual's behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual's will to do something. Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour. There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic. Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour. Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach. Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do. James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions. Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control. The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour. For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety. Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control. Environmental determinism
Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual's behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual's will to do something. Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour. There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic. Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour. Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach. Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do. James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions. Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control. The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour. For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety. Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control. Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control.
Behaviourist psychologist BF Skinner famously described free will as ‘an illusion’ and argued that all behaviour is the result of conditioning.
We may think that we are behaving of our own free will. but it is in fact the result of reinforcement that has occurred throughout our life as we are shaped by our environment and agents of socialisation (parents, teachers and institutions)
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour.
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions.
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control.
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety.
Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control.
Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control.
Behaviourist psychologist BF Skinner famously described free will as ‘an illusion’ and argued that all behaviour is the result of conditioning.
We may think that we are behaving of our own free will. but it is in fact the result of reinforcement that has occurred throughout our life as we are shaped by our environment and agents of socialisation (parents, teachers and institutions).
Psychic determinism
Psychic determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour.
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions.
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control.
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety.
Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control.
Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control.
Behaviourist psychologist BF Skinner famously described free will as ‘an illusion’ and argued that all behaviour is the result of conditioning.
We may think that we are behaving of our own free will. but it is in fact the result of reinforcement that has occurred throughout our life as we are shaped by our environment and agents of socialisation (parents, teachers and institutions).
Psychic determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control.
The psychodynamic approach and Freud argue that behaviour is determined and shaped by our biological drives and instincts that are directed by our unconscious conflicts repressed in childhood.
According to Freud, there is no such thing as innocuous ‘slip of the tongue’ comments or random acts, as everything can be explained by the underlying authority of the unconscious
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour.
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions.
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control.
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety.
Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control.
Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control.
Behaviourist psychologist BF Skinner famously described free will as ‘an illusion’ and argued that all behaviour is the result of conditioning.
We may think that we are behaving of our own free will. but it is in fact the result of reinforcement that has occurred throughout our life as we are shaped by our environment and agents of socialisation (parents, teachers and institutions).
Psychic determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control.
The psychodynamic approach and Freud argue that behaviour is determined and shaped by our biological drives and instincts that are directed by our unconscious conflicts repressed in childhood.
According to Freud, there is no such thing as innocuous ‘slip of the tongue’ comments or random acts, as everything can be explained by the underlying authority of the unconscious.
First AO3 PEEL paragraph
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that everyday experience gives the impression that we are constantly exercising free will through the choices we make on any given day
Discuss the free will and determinism debate.
Refer to two topics you have studied in psychology in your answer (16 marks).
Free will is that human beings are self-determining and have choice over their thoughts and actions.
Therefore, humans are responsible and accountable for their actions.
Whilst the environment may have some influence over our behaviour, we are able to reject or accept these influences as the masters or mistresses of our own destiny.
The choices we make are not determined by biological or external forces and we are in control of our own destinies.
The humanistic approach is one of the few to adopt a free will perspective on behaviour.
The concept is central to Roger’s client-centred therapy, which promotes the concept that people are free to make changes in their lives through the choices they make.
Individuals can remove psychological barriers, thus allowing personal growth and self-actualisation.
Determinism is the view that an individual’s behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces, rather than an individual’s will to do something.
Free will has nothing to do with explaining behaviour.
There are 5 types of determinism - hard, soft, biological, environmental and psychic.
Hard determinism (also known as fatalism), claims that free will is not possible, as all human behaviour has an internal (biological or psychic determinism) or external (environmental determinism) cause beyond our control and, like science, argues that it is possible to establish causal laws governing behaviour.
Soft determinism was first suggested by William James (1890) and later adopted by the cognitive approach.
Soft determinism accepts that while all behaviour has a cause, people do have conscious mental control over what they do.
James pointed out that whilst science may wish to find causal connections explaining behaviour, this does not diminish the fact that humans are rational beings, capable of making decisions for themselves regarding their actions.
Biological determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by biological (genetic, hormonal and evolutionary) influences that we cannot control.
The biological approach emphasises the role of biological determinism in behaviour.
For example, the genetic causes of schizophrenia, the impact of hormones such as testosterone on aggression and how our autonomic nervous system triggers our fight or flight response during periods of stress and anxiety.
Modern biopsychologists would also recognise the impact the environment has on our behaviour and conclude that we are doubly determined by internal and external forces beyond our control.
Environmental determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by features of the environment, such as systems of reward and punishment, that we cannot control.
Behaviourist psychologist BF Skinner famously described free will as ‘an illusion’ and argued that all behaviour is the result of conditioning.
We may think that we are behaving of our own free will. but it is in fact the result of reinforcement that has occurred throughout our life as we are shaped by our environment and agents of socialisation (parents, teachers and institutions).
Psychic determinism is the belief that behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control.
The psychodynamic approach and Freud argue that behaviour is determined and shaped by our biological drives and instincts that are directed by our unconscious conflicts repressed in childhood.
According to Freud, there is no such thing as innocuous ‘slip of the tongue’ comments or random acts, as everything can be explained by the underlying authority of the unconscious.
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that everyday experience gives the impression that we are constantly exercising free will through the choices we make on any given day.
What does this do?
This gives face validity to the free will argument - it makes cognitive sense
