Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI lectures - semester 3 > 2.2 - development of the peritoneum & foregut (embryo) > Flashcards

2.2 - development of the peritoneum & foregut (embryo) Flashcards

1
Q

what does embryonic folding achieve in terms of GI development?

A
  1. get a ventral body wall

2. get a gut within a cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does lateral embryonic folding achieve (for GI)?

A
  1. creates ventral body wall

2. primitive gut becomes tubular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does craniocaudal embryonic folding achieve (for GI)?

A

creates cranial & caudal pockets from yolk sac endoderm (2 blind ends, closed off by membranes & 1 opening (umbilicus))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do the foregut and hindgut begin as?

A

blind diverticular (blind end tubes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is the midgut different from the foregut and hindgut?

A

has an opening at first (umbilicus) and is continuous with the yolk sac (the whole gut tube is pinched off form the yolk sac from folding)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the implications of the embryonic divisions?

A

blood supply & lymphatic drainage in adult depends on embryonic origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where does the primitive gut tube run?

A

from stomatodeum (depression on cranial part of future mouth) rostally to proctodenum (future anus) caudally with opening at umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the internal lining of the primitive gut tube derived from? what does it become?

A

endoderm

future epithelial lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does the external lining of the primitive derive from? what does it become?

A

derived from splanchnic mesoderm

becomes future musculature & visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the primitive gut tube suspended in? by what?

A

suspended in intraembryonic coelom (between splanchnic & somatic mesoderm)
by a double layer of splanchnic mesoderm (folding causes double layer - from pinching off yolk sac)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the foregut adult derivatives?

A

oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, duodenum (proximal to entrance of bile duct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the midgut adult derivatives?

A 
duodenum (distal to entrance of bile duct)
jejunum, ileum
cecum
ascending colon
proximal 2/3 transverse colon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the hindgut adult derivatives?

A 
distal 1/3 transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
upper anal canal
internal lining of bladder & urethra (out of bladder)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the point which divides foregut and midgut in adults?

A

the entrance of bile duct into the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where does each embryonic segment receives its blood supply from?

A

a distinct branch of the abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the main branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the celiac trunk supply (section)?

A

unpaired vessel supplying foregut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the SMA supply (section of embryo)?

A

midgut - unpaired vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does the IMA supply (embryo section)?

A

a little section of midgut, mostly hindgut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do structures which develop close to the junction between foregut and midgut have?

A

mixed blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the blood supply to the duodenum (proximal to entry of bile duct)? branch of?

A

gastroduodenal artery & superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (of coeliac trunk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the blood supply to the duodenum (distal to entry of bile duct)? what is it branch of?

A

inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (branch of superior mesenteric artery)

23
Q

what is the blood supply to the head of the pancreas?

A

superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (CT) and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (SMA)

24
Q

what do the somatic and splanchnic mesoderm go onto become?

A

somatic (top) - body

splanchnic (bottom) - viscera

25
Q

where is the intraembryonic coelom?

A

between somatic and splanchnic mesoderm

post lateral folding, becomes space around suspending (splanchnic mesoderm) gut tube

26
Q

how does the intraembryonic coelom begin?

A

as one large cavity (entire length of developing embryo)

27
Q

what happens later on to intraembryonic coelom?

A

subdivided by future diaphragm into abdominal and thoracic cavities

28
Q

what does the peritoneal membrane line?

A

the abdominal cavity and invests the viscera

29
Q

what happens to the peritoneal cavity during development?

A

it grows, changes shape and specialises

30
Q

what does the peritoneum invest?

A

dorsal & ventral body wall & primitive gut tube (peritoneum = abdominal cavity)

31
Q

what is the peritoneal ‘cavity’?

A

a potential space

32
Q

under normal conditions, what does the peritoneal cavity contain?

A

should contain nothing, only serous fluid to ensure structures can move smoothly over each other

33
Q

what are the mesenteries?

A

a double layer of peritoneum suspending the gut tube from the abdominal wall

34
Q

where do the mesenteries run?

A

entire length of the posterior (dorsal) body wall

35
Q

what is the purpose of the mesenteries?

A
  1. allow a conduit for blood and nerve supply
  2. allow mobility where needed
    (way in and out of GI tract, allow arterial supply to access newly developed structures)
36
Q

what is the new primitive gut suspended within?

A

the intraembryonic coelom by splanchnic mesoderm (inner) - wraps around gut to tube to form mesenteries (double layer from lateral folding)

37
Q

how does the mesentery form? (suspending gut tube)

A

mesentery formed from a condensation of the (double layer of) splanchnic mesoderm

38
Q

what causes dorsal and ventral mesoderm?

A

folding of the double layer of splanchnic mesoderm

39
Q

what does dorsal mesentery suspend?

A

the entire gut tube from the dorsal body wall

40
Q

where is the ventral mesentery present?

A

only in the region of the foregut

41
Q

what is the function of the dorsal and ventral mesenteries in the region of the foregut?

A

to divide the cavity into left and right sacs in this region only

42
Q

what does the left sac contribute to?

A

greater sac

43
Q

what does the right sac become?

A

lesser sac

44
Q

where is the lesser sac situated?

A

lies behind the stomach (potential sac behind the stomach)

45
Q

what do midgut and hindgut have in terms of sac?

A

only have dorsal mesentery, so 1 continuous sac - no ventral mesentery

46
Q

what are omenta?

A

specialised regions of peritoneum

47
Q

what is the greater omentum formed from?

A

dorsal mesentery

48
Q

when is greater omentum seen?

A

first structure seen when the abdominal cavity is opened anteriorly

49
Q

what is the lesser omentum formed from?

A

ventral mesentery

50
Q

what do the free edge of the lesser omentum conduct?

A

the portal triad

51
Q

what is the portal triad?

A 
part of the hepatic lobule (liver), consists of:
proper hepatic artery
proper hepatic vein
common bile duct
lymphatic vessels
branch of vagus nerve
52
Q

where does the greater omentum extend from?

A

large fold of visceral peritoneum hanging from greater curvature of stomach, passes anterior to small intestines and reflects on itself to ascend to transverse colon to reach posterior abdominal wall

53
Q

where does the lesser omentum extend?

A

from lesser curvature to 1st part of duodenum to inferior surface of liver all the way up to anterior abdominal wall

GI lectures - semester 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions