2.2 Describe individualistic theories of criminality Flashcards
What is Bandura’s Social Learning Theory?
That children learn by watching the behavior of others. If a child sees someone gain pleasure from an activity, they are likely to mimic. Bobo doll experiment reflects this.
Bandura states that criminal behavior is learned from observational learning, through the family , in peers, or through media such as TV and books.
Belief that criminal behavior is thought to be acceptable if it is witnessed through peers.
What is Freud’s Id, Ego and Superego Theory?
Criminality is linked to the unconscious mind, which he split into 3 parts:
The Id- control selfish and animalistic urges
The Ego- seeks rational and sensible control
The Superego- our moral conscience
Id dominates, uncontrollable mind. Ego dominates, refuse change. Superego dominates, judgmental.
Freud states that a child needs a stable home environment in order to make the transition from being Id dominated to Ego dominant
What is Eysenck’s Personality Index?
Claimed that certain personality types are more likely to commit crime because they crave excitement, and slow to learn of the consequences
Extraverts are sociable but become bored quickly- Introverts are reliable and can control their emotions.
Neurotics are very anxious and irrational, whereas a stable personality is calm and in control
A third element of psychoticism added, a cold, uncaring and aggressive personality.
