2.2 Biological Molecules

Question 1

Define monomer

Answer 1

A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

Question 2

Define polymer

Answer 2

A molecule made up of many monomers

Question 3

Define macromolecule

Answer 3

A molecule containing a very large number of atoms such as a protein, nucleic acid or synthetic polymer

Question 4

Define dimer

Answer 4

A molecule or molecular complex consisting of 2 identical molecules linked together

Question 5

Oligomer

Answer 5

A polymer whose molecules consist of relatively few repeating units

Question 6

Condensation reaction

Answer 6

A reaction that binds 2 molecules and produces a water molecule

Question 7

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 7

A reaction that requires water molecules and separates 2 molecules

Question 8

Define metabolism

Answer 8

The sum of the chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a living organism and that provide energy for vital processes and for synthesizing new organic material

Question 9

Define catabolic reaction

Answer 9

Metabolic reactions that include the breaking down of large substances into smaller substances

Question 10

Define anabolic reactions

Answer 10

Metabolic reactions that include the synthesis of larger molecules from 2 or more smaller molecules

Question 11

Building block of carbohydrates

Answer 11

Monosaccharides

Question 12

Building block of lipids

Answer 12

Glycerol

Question 13

Building block of proteins

Answer 13

Amino acids

Question 14

Building block of nucleic acids

Answer 14

Nucleotides

Question 15

Dimer of carbohydrates

Answer 15

Disaccharide

Question 16

Dimer of proteins

Answer 16

Dipeptide