2.2. Architecture materials Flashcards
one of the oldest and perhaps the most permanent building material. It is used in most of the great architectures of the world
stone
a building material made of sand and gravel mixed with cement. Like stone, it has high compressive strength
concrete
This type of stone has a fine, even texture. Its color ranges from a light cream to a buff and from a light gray to a darker, bluish gray. It is most useful in walls and exterior parts of the building and lends itself very well to carving.
limestone
This is a coarse-grained stone useful for large, bold forms with little carving. It is the hardest and the most durable of the types of stones.
granite
It consists of various colors from white to different tints of red, brown, blue or gray; widely used in buildings which have informal character than in formal ones.
sandstone
This is metamorphosed limestone which is capable of taking a polish.
marble
new material that has greatly improved the structural possibilities of wood; comes in thin sheets, is stronger than other wood products
plywood
not a permanent material but with proper care, it can last for a century.
It is the common building material before the 90s.
wood
What type of man-made products? bricks, tiles, terra cotta, glass
ceramics
a hard, brittle, smooth, and usually transparent ceramic substance. It is manufactured by fusing together silica and a base of lime or lead oxide at extremely high temperatures.
glass
What type of man-made products?
bronze, wrought iron, copper, lead, chrome-nickel steel, aluminum monel steel, nickel silvers
metals
permanency and beauty are very prominent in architectural features. This material is popularly used for banking screens, doors and grills, and hardware and lighting features. It can be found in numerous textures and colors
bronze
is elastic and fibrous; worked upon the anvil while it’s hot or cooling
wrought iron
metal is ductile and is adaptable for cornices, spandrels, and roofing. It has a protective green carbonated upon its surface which gives an interesting quality to the material.
copper
hard, non-corrosive metal which can lend itself to welding, stamping, and forging. It may be polished or left dull
Chrome-nickel steel
white metal noted for its lightness. It is non-corrosive and non-staining and can be cast or forged into various shapes to produce a desired design.
aluminum
metal is a mixture of nickel and copper with an addition of iron, silica, and manganese, giving an appearance that resembles that of a nickel. It is a non-corrosive metal
monel metal
This metal is soft, has a dull texture, and combines well with marble and wood for stylistic types of architecture. It is most ideal for interior work.
nickel silvers
materials that are becoming more and more favored among architectural building materials because of their availability, durability, and flexibility; high strength, and a surface and texture capable of contributing to the aesthetic quality of a building.
concrete materials
opened up new architectural forms and designs due to its versatility; may be sowed, cut, bent, drilled, and treaded; can also be molded, cast, extruded, and laminated depending upon their composition or use.
plastics
materials are found in the locality and are widely used in architecture.
Indigenous Materials
material comes from the outer covering of bamboo poles. It is woven into mats and ideal for cement backing.
sawali
by-product of coconut is used to minimize the use of cement and as sandwich panels for insulation.
coco coir
sugar cane waste used for insulation or cement backing.
bagasse
fiber material obtained from the leafstalk of a banana plant. Most of these materials are found in the Bicol region.
abaca
indigenous material has low degree of elasticity, low concrete adhesion, and wide variable moisture content. It is very useful in architectural forms and designs, mainly as reinforcement to concrete.
bamboo
material is often used for non-structural panels, walls, screens, and bases of houses. Despite being widely used, it is susceptible to termites and have to be replaced every 4 to 5 years.
palm frond stems
material is brittle, has less strength, and cannot stand up well to tension.
mud bricks
