2.2 Flashcards
Sedimentary Rock’s layers
Strata
Forms when rock or mineral fragments, called clasts, are cemented together
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
Mineral fragments that can be cemented to make Clastic Sedimentary rock
Clasts
Forms when minerals crystallize out of solution, such as sea water, to become rock
Chemical Sedimentary Rock
Forms from the remains of once-living plants or animals
Organic Sedimentary Rock
Skeletons of tiny organisms
Coral
Huge colonies of coral
Reefs
Animal remains become cemented together to form
Fossiliferous Limestone
Process in which sedimentary rock is arranged into layers
Stratification
Sedimentary rocks sometimes record the motion of wind and water waves on lakes, oceans, rivers, and sand dunes in features called
Ripple Marks
Forms when fine-grained sediments at a shallow body of water are exposed to the air and dry out
Mud Cracks
Metamorphism that occurs near igneous intrusions
Contact Metamorphism
When pressure builds up in a rock that is buried deep below other rock formations or when large pieces of Earth’s collide with each other is…
Regional Metamorphism
Minerals that only form at only at certain temperatures and pressures
Index Minerals
The texture of metamorphic rock in which minerals grain are arranged in planes or bands
Foliated
When Sedimentary Shale becomes foliated metamorphic rock
Slate
If slate is exposed to more heat and pressure, it can change into a rock called…
Phyllite
When Phyllite is exposed to heat and pressure, it can change into…
Schist
More heat and pressure cause minerals to separate into distinct bands in a metamorphic rock called…
Gneiss
The texture of metamorphic rock in which mineral grains aren’t arranged in planes or bands…
Nonfoliated
During metamorphism, the crystals of these minerals may change in size or the mineral may change in a process called…
Recrystallization
Change in the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it…
Deformation
