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History > 22-27 > Flashcards

22-27 Flashcards

1
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

A. The transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation

B. Production & efficiency increased

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2
Q

J. Watt

A

A. Improved Newcomen’s steam engine.

B. His engines became a key power source of the IR

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3
Q

H. Bessemer

A

A. English inventor

B. Developed a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel

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4
Q

S. Morse

A

A. American inventor

B. Invented the telegraph

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5
Q

K. Marx

A

A. Leading communist supporter

B. Wrote the Communist Manifesto

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6
Q

Communism

A

A. Theory derived from Karl Marx

B. Aimed to create a classless society where everyone is equal.

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7
Q

Opium Wars

A

A. Wars between Britain and the Qing Empire

B. Caused by the Qing government’s refusal to let Britain import Opium.

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8
Q

Sepoy Rebellion (1857)

A

A. Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British

B. Caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths

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9
Q

Taiping Rebellion

A

A. Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty in China.

B. Led by Hong Xiuquan, who believed he was the son of god.

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10
Q

Meiji Restoration

A

A. Political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate

B. Resulted in the abolition of the feudal system

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11
Q

Imperialism

A

A. Policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

B. Caused the destruction of native culture under foreign rule.

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12
Q

Berlin Conference

A

A. Meeting at which Europeans agreed on rules for colonizing Africa

B. Established the legal claim by Europeans that all of Africa could be occupied by whomever could take it

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13
Q

Triple Alliance

A

A. An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI.

B. Each member promised mutual support in the event of an attack by any other great power.

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14
Q

Triple Entente

A

A. Military alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in the years preceding World War I.

B. Promised mutual support in the event of an attack by Germany, Austria-Hungary or Italy.

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15
Q

F. Ferdinand

A

A. Archduke to the Aus-Hun throne

A. Assassination was used as a way to declare war and set WW1 in motion

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16
Q

W. Wilson

A

A. US President reelected in 1916

B. Led US in WWI and signed Treaty of Versailles

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17
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

A. Treaty that ended WWI.

B. Blamed Germany for WWII and handed down harsh punishment.

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18
Q

League of Nations

A

A. World organization established to promote international cooperation and peace.

B. It was first proposed by President Woodrow Wilson, but US never joined the League.

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19
Q

Armenian Genocide

A

A. Assault carried out by mainly Turkish military forces against Armenian population

B. one of the first genocides of the 20th centuries

20
Q

Balfour Declaration

A

A. British document

B. Promised land in Palestine as homeland for Jews in exchange for Jews help in WWI

21
Q

V. Lenin

A

A. The leader of the Bolsheviks

B. Led the communist revolution, ruled Russia

22
Q

Bolshevik Revolution

A

A. 1917 uprising in Russia led by V. Lenin

B. Established a communist government and withdrew Russia from World War I.

23
Q

J. Stalin

A

A. Leader of the Soviet Union

B. US ally during WWII member of Big 3; enemy during the cold war.

24
Q

USSR

A

A. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

B. Created by Lenin in 1922.

25
Q

M. Zedong

A

A. Founder of the People’s Republic of China

B. Became head of the CCP during the Long March.

26
Q

Great Depression

A

A. Economic disaster in the US in 1929.

B. Brought homelessness, and hunger to millions.

27
Q

F.D Roosevelt

A

A. President during the Great Depression

B. Creator of the “New Deal”

28
Q

Facism

A

A. Political system based on a strong centralized government headed by a dictator

B. Primarily responsible for WW2 (Ex: nazi government was fascist)

29
Q

Totalitarianism

A

A. Political system in which the government has total control over the lives of individual citizens.

30
Q

B. Mussolini

A

A. Dictator of Italy

B. Fascist

31
Q

A. Hitler

A

A. German Nazi dictator

B. Had over 6 million Jews assassinated during the Holocaust

32
Q

M.K Gandhi

A

A Western-educated Indian lawyer and nationalist politician

B. Headed the movement for Indian independence.

33
Q

W. Churchill

A

A. Strong leader of Britain

B. Drove the British to victory in WWII.

34
Q

Axis Powers

A

A. Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.

B. One of their goals was defending civilization from communism

35
Q

Battle of Britian

A

A. Series of bombing raids launched against British cities by the German air force

B. British didnt give up, Hitler gave up on attacking them.

36
Q

Tojo Hideki

A

A. Japanese army officer

B. Initiated the attack on Pearl Harbor

37
Q

Pearl Harbor

A

A. Base in hawaii that was bombed by Japan

B. Eagered America to enter the war.

38
Q

Battle of Midway

A

A. 1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan

B. Turning point in the war in the Pacific

39
Q

Battle of Stalingrad

A

A. Unsuccessful German attack on the city of Stalingrad WW2

B. Furthest extent of German advance into the Soviet Union.

40
Q

D-Day

A

A. Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944

B. The biggest air, land and sea invasion in history.

41
Q

H. Truman

A

A. US President

B. Approved the use of the atomic bomb against Japan

42
Q

Atomic Bomb

A

A. Weapon that produces tremendous power by splitting atoms

B. Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; destroyed both cities

43
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

A. 1942 conference in Germany

B. The “Final solution” and use of concentration camps were decided

44
Q

Holocaust

A

A. the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler

B. 6 million Jews were killed

45
Q

United Nations

A

A. Organization of independent states formed in 1945

B. Promotes international peace and security

History (4 decks)

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