2.2 Flashcards
What is the standard model?
A model of the fundamental particles and forces of the universe and the means by which they interact.
What are fermions?
Particles that make up matter.
What are bosons?
Particles that carry forces
What are leptons?
Particles that exist on their own.
Name the 6 leptons
Electron, Tau, Muon, Electron neutrino, Tau neutrino and Muon neutrino
What are quarks?
Particles that exist only when bound with other quarks.
Name 6 quarks
Up, Down, Top, Bottom, Charm, Strange
What quarks are combined to make a proton?
2 up and 1 down
What quarks are combined to make a neutron?
2 down and 1 up
What experimental technique provides evidence of the existence of quarks?
High-energy collisions (between nucleons and electrons) carried out in particle accelerators.
What are hadrons?
Particles made up of quarks.
What is a baryon?
A hadron made up of 3 quarks.
Name 2 examples of baryons
Protons and neutrons
What is a meson?
A hadron made up of a quark and a antiquark pair.
What are the four fundamental forces in nature?
Electromagnetic, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, gravitational
