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Pharmacology > 216 Pharmacology > Flashcards

216 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

HIV medications when the patient should take them

A

must be taken on schedule, exactly as prescribed

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2
Q

HIV medications and pregnancy

A

Avoid pregnancy, use barrier contraceptives. No breast feeding

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3
Q

antineoplastics and PPE

A

use all PPE and double glove. dispose of in proper container per facility policy

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4
Q

Loop diuretics watch for

A

hypotension and electrolyte imbalance. Loops are potassium wasting. Watch for hypokalemia.

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5
Q

Nursing Actions with Loop Diuretics

A

Daily weights, record I/Os, watch for hypotension, watch for hypokalemia

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6
Q

What patient would be prescribed loop diuretics?

A

CHF, fluid volume excess, edema, crackles

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7
Q

Signs of hypokalemia

A

arrhythmias

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8
Q

signs of hyperkalemia

A
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9
Q

signs of hyponatremia

A
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10
Q

signs of hypernatremia

A
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11
Q

nursing actions for hypokalemia

A
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12
Q

nursing actions for hyperkalemia

A
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13
Q

nursing actions for hyponatremia

A
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14
Q

nursing actions for hypernatremia

A
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15
Q

morphine treatment for

A

for the treatment of moderate to severe pain

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16
Q

What to watch for with morphine

A

changes in mentation, sedation, respiratory depression, constipation

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17
Q

naxolone

A

for the treatment of morphine (narcotic) overdose. Short acting, will produce symptoms of morphine withdrawal

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18
Q

mannitol

A

osmotic diuretics for the treatment of increased intracranial pressure

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19
Q

What to watch for with mannitol

A

watch for blood pressure changes, changes in mentation, do neuro checks, check vital signs, weights, I/O

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20
Q

Warfarin

A

anticoagulant. Risk of bleeding. Watch for bruising and black tarry stools which could mean GI bleed.

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21
Q

Labs for warfarin

A

PT and INR (2)

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22
Q

Warfarin antidote

A

Vitamin K

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23
Q

Warfarin and diet

A

Avoid high Vitamin K foods. Spinach, broccoli, brussels sprouts, collards, kale, asparagus

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24
Q

desmopressin for the treatment of

A

vasoconstrictor for the treatment of DI. To decrease urine production

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25
Q

desmopressin and DI

A

Watch for fluid volume overload, watch for increased sodium

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26
Q

Normal urine production

A

30mL / hour

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27
Q

dopamine for the treatment of

A

vasoconstrictor. Lose doses perfuse the kidneys. High doses for the treatment of shock.

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28
Q

dopamine biggest risk

A

Risk of extravasation. Stop the infusion, remove the IV, give the antidote phentolamine

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29
Q

phentolamine

A

antidote for dopamine extravasation

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30
Q

Succinylcholine

A

neuro medication, for the sedation of patient on mechanical ventilation

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31
Q

dantrolene for the treatment of

A

malignant hyperthermia

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32
Q

malignant hyperthermia s/s and treatment

A

muscle rigidity, fever, dantrolene

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33
Q

malignant hyperthermia protocol

A

Give the antidote , dantrolene, then call the doctor, assume you have the order

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34
Q

Levothyroxine for the treatment of

A

for the treatment of hypothyroidism. Watch for s/s of hyperthyroidism

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35
Q

intolerance to cold

A

hypothyroidism

36
Q

intolerance to heat

A

hyperthyroidism

37
Q

prednisone administration

A

Give in the morning, monitor glucose levels, will raise blood sugar, wean off, do not stop abruptly, will cause bone marrow suppression, watch for anemia, thrombocytopenia

38
Q

treatment for bronchotis

A

albuterol

39
Q

Addison’s crisis/ Adrenal crisis

A

profound fatigue, vascular collapse, decrease blood pressure, decrease sodium, increase potassium, dehydration, renal shut down,

40
Q

treatment of Addison’s crisis/ Adrenal crisis

A

prednisone, watch for water and sodium retention, watch for hyperglycemia, potassium loss, arrhythmias

41
Q

ergotamine treatment of

A

treatment of migraines

42
Q

ergotamine contraindications

A

not with pregnancy, hypoperfusion, arrhythmias

43
Q

hydrochlorothiazide cautions

A

diuretic. watch for blood glucose affects, caution with Diabetes Type II client, bad for gout

44
Q

NSAIDs risks

A

risk for bleeding

45
Q

Advil watch what organ

A

watch the kidney

46
Q

acetaminophen watch what organ

A

watch the liver

47
Q

Pyridium, urinary tract analgesic

A

for the treatment of urinary spasms, will turn the urine orange, for short term use only 2-3 days

48
Q

overactive bladder

A

oxybutin

49
Q

oxybutin

A

side effects, dysrhythmia, tachycardia

50
Q

aspirin

A

antiplatelet, stop for several days preoperative

51
Q

hydroxurea

A

for the treatment of sickle cell anemia

52
Q

hydroxurea labs

A

watch is low oxygen level in the body, RBCs, H&H

53
Q

carbadopa levapova

A

treatment of Parkinson’s disease (low dopamine disorder), start at a low dose

54
Q

Parkinson’s disease manifestations

A

shuffle walk, mental changes irritability, tremors

55
Q

levapova is working when

A

manifestations of Parkinson’s are diminished, improved gait

56
Q

interactions with levapova

A

do not use with MAOI’s (would slow the effects of the mediation and dopamine)

57
Q

HIV and St Johns Wort interactions

A

St John’s Wort decrease the concentrations of the medication in the body

58
Q

donepezil

A

slows the process of Parkinson’s disease

59
Q

docosanol / abreva

A

treatment of oral herpes, cold sore, redness and burning after application is normal but if it persists access the site

60
Q

epinephrine

A

give every 5 minutes, no max

61
Q

lidocaine

A

give every 3-5 minutes. For the treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias

62
Q

amiodarone

A

treatment of a fib, v tach, v fib, black box warning of hepatoxicity

63
Q

atropine

A

treatment of bradycardia, not to exceed 2 mg

64
Q

atropine class

A

anticholinergic

65
Q

atropine contraindications

A

not with galcoma

66
Q

antiplastic med labs

A

watch WBCs, CBC, platelets, liver and kidney function

67
Q

HIV labs

A

CD-4 should be high and viral load low

68
Q

Questran

A

used for high cholesterol, powder form, mix with water or juice not soda, side effect muscle weakness

69
Q

acyclovir

A

why increase fluids?
side effects?

70
Q

spironolactolone

A

diuretic, potassium sparing, watch for hyperkalemia, causes hormonal changes

71
Q

phenytoin uses and administration

A

anti-seizure medication, do not stop medication or the patient may seize. do a blood draw to determine therapeutic level

72
Q

HIV medication are individualized

A

True

73
Q

clonidine patch administration

A

use gloves, rotate sites, watch out for hyperglycemia, not for DM II patient, anti-hypertensive

74
Q

diazepam

A

anti-anxiety medication, sedation, aggitation

75
Q

diazepam antidote

A

flumazenil

76
Q

flumazenil

A

antidote of diazepam and benzos

77
Q

oxybutynin adminitration

A

maintain fluids (anticholinergic), take on an empty stomach

78
Q

oxybutynin uses

A

treatment of overactive bladder

79
Q

pernicious anemia length of treatment

A

B12 IM shot once a month for life

80
Q

adefovir uses

A

Hep B antiviral

81
Q

adefovir side effects

A

dark urine, yellow eyes and skin, light colored stools, nausea vomiting, upper right abdomen pain

82
Q

adefovir education

A

not a cure, report prolonged headache, cough, fever, skin rash, itching

83
Q

heparin antidote

A

protamine sulfate

84
Q

methotrexate uses

A

cancer treatment

85
Q

methotrexate watch for

A

drug interactions, CBC, creatinine

86
Q

atorvastatin uses

A

hyperlipidemia

87
Q

atorvastatin administration, education

A

take at night, no grapefruit juice, kidney injury

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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