2.14 gene mutation

Question 1

mutation

Answer 1

random & permanent change in the base sequence of DNA

Question 2

what is point mutation/ gene mutation?

Answer 2

it is when one or a small number of nucleotides are miscopied furing replication

Question 3

what is substution (mutation)?

Answer 3

it is a type of point mutation in which one base in a gene substitutes for another

Question 4

what is deletion (mutation)?

Answer 4

it is a type of point mutation in which a base is completely lost

Question 5

what is insertion (mutation)?

Answer 5

it is a type of point mutation in which an extra base is added into a gene

Question 6

what is whole-chromosomal mutation?

Answer 6

is it when an entire chromosome is lost during meiosis, or when the chromosome is duplicated in one cell only by errors in interphase

Question 7

what is chromosomal mutation?

Answer 7

it involves changes in the positions of whole genes within the chromosomes

Question 8

what are genetic diseases?

Answer 8

they are mutations in gametes that cause diseases and are inherited by offspring
eg thalassemia, cystic fibrosis

Question 9

what are carcinogens?

Answer 9

they are chemicals that cause mutations

Question 10

what is sickle cell disease?

Answer 10

it is a point mutation that causes red blood cells ot have an abnormal sickle shape and cannot transport oxygen efficiently, it also clogs blood vessels

Question 11

what is silent mutation?

Answer 11

they are mutations that have no effect on the amino acids produced