2.1.4 Acids

Question 1

what are the Common Acid

Answer 1

> Hydrochloric Acid
Sulphuric Acid
Nitric Acid
Ethanoic Acid

Question 2

Formulae for Hydrochloric Acid & Function

Answer 2

HCL and its the acid present in your stomach that helps you digest your food

Question 3

Formulae for Sulphuric Acid & Function

Answer 3

H2SO4 & its the battery acids used in cars

Question 4

Formulae for Nitric Acid

Answer 4

HNO3

Question 5

Formulae for Ethanoic Acid & Function

Answer 5

CH3COOH & occur naturally in vinegar

Question 6

Definition of Acid

Answer 6

Its a proton donor which releases H+ ions in a aqueous solution

Question 7

What are H+ ions responsible for?

Answer 7

For all acid Reactions

Question 8

Describe strong acids In terms of ‘dissociate’

Answer 8

they are very good at giving up H+ ions therefore they are fully or almost fully dissociate

Question 9

Describe weak acids In terms of ‘dissociate’

Answer 9

they are not very good at giving up these H+ions away; once H+ ions are released, they are quickly taken back again. however they are excellent at accepting these H+ ions back therefore they are only partially dissociate.

Question 10

What are the common bases?

Answer 10

> Metal oxide e.g. MgO, CuO
Metal hydroxide e.g. NaOH, Mg(OH)2
Ammonia
Metal Carbonate

Question 11

Definition of a base

Answer 11

A base neutralises an acid to form a salt therefore is a proton acceptor

Question 12

Definition of an Alkali

Answer 12

Its a base that dissolves in water releasing OH- ions

Question 13

what are the common alkalis

Answer 13

> sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
potassium hydroxide (KOH)
ammonia (NH3)

Question 14

Equation to form water

Answer 14

H+ (AQ) + OH-(AQ) –> H2O (L)

Question 15

Equation of how ammonia reacts with water

Answer 15

NH3 (AQ) + H2O NH4+ (AQ) + OH- (AQ)

Question 16

Salt name of Hydrochloric acid and Formulae

Answer 16

chloride - HCL(-1)

Question 17

Salt name of Sulphuric acid and Formulae

Answer 17

Sulphate - H2SO4(-2)

Question 18

Salt name of Nitric acid and Formulae

Answer 18

Nitrate - HNO3 (-1)

Question 19

Salt name of Phosphuric acid and Formulae

Answer 19

Phosphate - H3PO4(-3)

Question 20

How’s salts made from metal oxides/ Hydroxide - Equation

Answer 20

Acid (AQ) + Metal Oxide/Hydroxide (S) —> Salt + Water (L)

Question 21

How’s salts made from carbonate - Equation

Answer 21

Acid (AQ) + Metal Carbonate (S) —> Salt + Carbon dioxide (G) + Water (L)

Question 22

How’s salts made from Alkalis - Equation

Answer 22

Acid (AQ) + Alkali (AQ) —> Salt + Water (L)

Question 23

How’s salts made from Metals - Equation

Answer 23

Acid (AQ) + Metal (S) —> Salt + Hydrogen (G)