2.1.4 - Acids

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

Something that has a pH less than 7, in water

Question 2

How do acids work?

Answer 2

They give protons (proton donor)

Question 3

What is a base?

Answer 3

Metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates

Question 4

How do bases work?

Answer 4

They accept protons (proton acceptor)

Question 5

What is an alkali?

Answer 5

It is something with a pH above 7, in a solution

Question 6

How do alkali’s work?

Answer 6

They are a soluble base that form OH- ions in water
—> OH- ions are proton acceptors

Question 7

What happens when an acid and a base react with water?

Answer 7

They form a reversible reaction

Question 8

What do weak acids do when they react?

Answer 8

1. The favour the backwards reaction
2. Produce small amounts of H+ ions

Question 9

What do strong acids do when they react?

Answer 9

1. They favour the forwards reaction
2. Lots of H+ ions are produced

Question 10

What do strong bases do when they react?

Answer 10

1. They favour the forwards reaction
2. Lots of OH- ions are produced

Question 11

How do weak bases do when they react?

Answer 11

1. They favour the backwards reactions
2. Produces small amounts of OH- ions

Question 12

What is a polyprotic acid?

Answer 12

It is an acid that has the ability of donating more than one proton

Question 13

What is produced when an acid and a base reacts?

Answer 13

A salt

Example reaction:

H+(aq) + OH-(aq) —double arrow—> H2O(l)

Question 14

What are salts made from?

Answer 14

The metal in the base and the non-metal in the acid