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212 Lecture > 212 Exam 2 > Flashcards

212 Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the PR interval?

A

.12 - .20 (3-5 small squares)

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2
Q

How long is the QRS complex?

A

.04 - .12

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3
Q

-pril

A

ACE inhibitor

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4
Q

-ide

A

Loop diuretic

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5
Q

-lol

A

Beta blocker

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6
Q

-pine

A

Calcium channel blocker

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7
Q

-sartan

A

ARBs Angiotensin II receptor blockers

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8
Q

Diuretic side effects

A

Electrolyte imbalance

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9
Q

Beta blocker considerations

A

-lol Heart rate must be >60 to give. Check Blood pressure. Work by reducing cardiac output and reduce sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone. May cause hypotension, ED.

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10
Q

Calcium channel blocker considerations

A

-pine Block movement of extra-cellular calcium into cells, causing vasodilation, and decreased heart rate, contractility, and systemic vascular resistance. May cause peripheral edema. Avoid grapefruit.

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11
Q

ACE inhibitor considerations

A

-pril Prevents conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II, inhibiting angiotensin II – mediated vasoconstriction. Causes dry cough. Good for diabetics. Can cause hyperkalemia.

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12
Q

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

A

-sartan prevents action of angiotensin II. Produces vasodilation and increases excretion of salt and water. Generally well tolerated.

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13
Q

MAP

A

Minimum 60, normal 70 - 110

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14
Q

S3

A

rare extra heart sound that occurs soon after the normal two “lub-dub” heart sounds (S1 and S2). The S3 is associated with heart failure.

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15
Q

S4

A

The fourth heart sound or S4 is a rare extra heart sound that occurs immediately before the normal two “lub-dub” heart sounds (S1 and S2). It occurs just after atrial contraction and immediately before the systolic S1 and is caused by the atria contracting forcefully in an effort to overcome an abnormally stiff or hypertrophic ventricle.

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16
Q

Digoxin serum levels

A

.5 - 2ng

17
Q

Therapeutic PT/INR

A

PT 12-15 sec, INR 2-3 (2.5 - 3.5 for artificial valve)

18
Q

PTT

A

30-50sec untreated, therapeutic range 60-100sec

19
Q

BUN

A

8-20

20
Q

Creatinine

A

.6-1.2

21
Q

Troponin

A

Starts 2-4hrs, peaks 12hrs, lasts 7 days

22
Q

CKMB

A

Starts 4-6hrs, peaks 10-14 hrs, lasts 2-3 days

23
Q

BNP

A

> 100 = HF

24
Q

MAP

A

MAP = (2XDP) + SP

3

25
Q

STEMI

A

When the ST section of the tracing is higher than the baseline it is called an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) which usually requires more aggressive treatment.

26
Q

NSTEMI

A

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) may be managed with medication, although angioplasty may be required if the person is considered to be at high risk

212 Lecture (3 decks)

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